demography Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the birth rate defined as

A

number of live births per 1,000 population per year

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2
Q

patterns of births overtime in history

A

long term decline since 1900s

since 1900s birth rate of 28.7 by 2014 it had fallen to 12.2

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3
Q

fluctuations in birth rate

A

3 baby booms in 20t century first two after world wars, third baby boom in 1960’s which fell sharply after 1970’s

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4
Q

fertility rate

A

childbearing age 15 - 44 average number of children women will have during fertile years

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5
Q

trends of fertility rates in the past years

A

much lower than past 1.63 children per women in 2001 which rose to 1.83 children. peak in 1964 of 2.95 during baby boom

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6
Q

what do changes in fertility rates reflect

A
  • more women remaining childless
  • more women postponing having children, average age is now 30 because of increase in womens positions
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7
Q

reasons for the decline in birth rate

A
  • legal equality
  • increased educational opportunity
  • changes in attitudes
  • easier access to divorce
  • access to abortion + reliable contraception
  • more women in employment
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8
Q

according to this sociologist what is the biggest reason for long term fall in birth

A

Haprer - education of women has allowed qualifications and therefore professional jobs, resulting in fewer children
many are choosing to delay childbearing. one in 5 was childless double the number of 25

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9
Q

led to

A
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