Demographics Flashcards
Population size
Grew from 38m in 1901 to 67m in 2023.
Factors affect population include birth rate, fertility rate, death rate and migration.
Birth rate
Living birth per 1000
1m in 1901, 600,000 in 2022.
Baby boomers
Causes of birth rate
Health services improvements.
Genderquake
Secularization.
Economic burden and economic assets.
Individualism
Have children in later life.
Impacts of birth rate
Ageing population
Smaller family size
Elderly dominant workforce

Fertility rate
Living birth per 1000 aged 15-44.
1.7 per woman in 2023
Abortion in Ireland
Causes of fertility rate
Reliable birth control.
Women now prioritizing career and economic independence.
Impact of fertility rate 
Smaller family size
Inc women reject child bearing.
Dec marriage rate
Inc equality in conjugal relationship.
What’s voluntary childness (Hakim)
Active choice not to have children.
What causes voluntary childness?
Gillespie
Push and pull factors.
Park
Conflicting career or leisure.
Death rate
Death per 1000 per year.
Inc population so inc death.
Disease of poverty, disease of affluence.
Inc life expectancy.
Causes of declining death rate
Rise wages.
Public health policy.
Gov provide flats.
Improved maternity care.
Welfare.
Campaigns promote health lifestyle.
ONS, women deprived area expect live to 78.7, 86.2 in most deprived area.
Ageing population
Higher proportion on rural area
Divided population
Causes of aging population
Dec death rate.
Dec birth rate.
How does aging population affect different groups?
Class
Wider financial gap.
Class mobility.
Region
Elderly not as productive.
Financial burden
Gender
Women live long, unbalance
Limit women’s oppor, extra caring responsibility
Impact of aging population
Inc retirement age and pension.
Inc funding eg dementia.
No large housing in market and inc price.
Hold traditional views
Inc beanpole fam
Dependency ratio.
