Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Sociology: F&H Trends > Demographic Trends: Deaths/ Life Expectancy/ What do sociologists think? > Flashcards

Demographic Trends: Deaths/ Life Expectancy/ What do sociologists think? Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What was the death rate in 1900?

A

19

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What was the death rate in 2012?

A

8.9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What was the life expectancy for men and women in 1900?

A

Men: 50
Female: 57

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What was the life expectancy for men and women in 2013?

A

Men: 91 (approx)
Female: 94

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

By 2100 how many centenarians is there estimated to be?

A

1 million

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

McKeown (regarding improved nutrition as a reason for the decline in death rate after 1900)

A
  • improved nutrition accounted for 1/2 of reduction in death rates
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Harper (regarding smoking and diet as a reason for the decline in death rate after 1900)

A
  • the greatest decline in death rates is from the decrease in smoking
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Since 1900, the death rate has remained fairly stable, what is the death rate?

A

600, 000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are two examples of important fluctuations in the death rate?

A
  • the two world wars and the flu epidemic of 1918
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Since 1900, what has happened to the death rate?

A

Fallen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the six reasons for the fall in death rate?

A
  • decline in deaths from infectious diseases
  • medical improvements
  • improved nutrition
  • smoking and diet
  • public health measures/ environmental improvements
  • other social changes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Who were most vulnerable to infectious diseases?

A
  • the young
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Among which groups has the decline in death from infectious diseases occurred most commonly?

A
  • infants, children and young adults
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

During the 1950s infectious diseases were replaced by another type of disease, what type?

A
  • degenerative eg. heart disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What has the population developed that means the death rate from infectious diseases has decreased?

A
  • natural resistance
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

After the 1950s medical knowledge, hygiene techniques and organisation increased, give some examples of the advances

A
  • antibiotics
  • blood transfusions
  • vaccinations
  • immunisation
  • improved maternity services
17
Q

In what year was the NHS set up?

A

1948

18
Q

How did improved nutrition lead to the decline in death rate after 1900?

A
  • improved nutrition means increased resistance and increased survival chance of those who became infected
19
Q

What does improved nutrition not explain?

A
  • why women lived longer than men and why some infectious diseases rose at the time of improved nutrition
20
Q

Although smoking has decreased which has related to the decrease in death rate, what has increased?

A

Obesity

21
Q

Although obesity has increased, how have deaths from obesity been kept low?

A

Drug therapies

22
Q

In the 20th century the local and central government was more effective and had more power to enforce laws - what did this lead to relating to public health measures and environmental improvements?

A
  • improved public health and environmental quality
23
Q

Give some examples of improved public health measures?

A
  • improved housing
  • purer drinking water
  • better quality food and drink
  • improved pasteurisation of milk
  • improved sewage disposal
24
Q

What are the five examples of other social changes?

A
  • decline of dangerous manual occupations such as mining
  • smaller families reduced the rate of transmission of infection
  • greater public knowledge of causes of illness
  • lifestyle changes (e.g. decrease in smoking)
  • higher income which relates to healthier lifestyles
25
Q

As death rates have fallen, what has increased?

A

Life expectancy

26
Q

What is the phrase that Harper coins relating to the increase of life span and many more centenarians?

A

Radical longevity

27
Q

Although there has been an overall reduction in death rate and increase in life expectancy, there are still class, gender, region and ethnic differences. Give some examples

A
  • women generally live longer than men
  • those in the North have a lower life expectancy than in the South
  • working class men in unskilled/ routine jobs are much likelier to die before those in professional jobs

Sociology: F&H Trends (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions