Demographic Transition Model

Question 1

Stage 1

Answer 1

-overall high birth and death rates that fluctuate
-stable/slow natural increase rate
birth rate: religious/social encouragement, no family planning
death rate: disease, famine, poor medicinal knowledge

Question 2

Stage 1 examples

Answer 2

Liberia, Sierra Leone, sub-Saharan countries

Question 3

Stage 2

Answer 3

-high birth rates with rapidly declining death rates
-signficiant increase in NIR as birth and death rates diverge
birth rate: children are important source of labor
death rate: increase in food olume, year-round availability and higher nutrient quality

Question 4

Stage 2 examples

Answer 4

Ghana, Nepal, Egypt, Kenya, India

Question 5

Stage 3

Answer 5

-birth rates decline and death rates fall slowly
-NIR slows down
birth rate: urbanization, less need, space and time for children
death rate: improvements in medical care, water supply and sanitation, lower infant and child mortality rates

Question 6

Stage 3 examples

Answer 6

Mexico, Malaysia, Brazil

Question 7

Stage 4

Answer 7

birth rates decrease while death rates are low
NIR is stable/slow increase
birth rate: increased education for women, availability of contraceptives/reproductive education
death rate: increased health care, nutrition and sanitation

Question 8

Stage 4 examples

Answer 8

China, Uruguay, USA, Japan, France, UK

Question 9

Stage 5

Answer 9

the birth rate is very low while the death rate is low
NIR slowly decreases
birth rate: more education and occupational opportunities for women, later marriages, and lower TFR
death rates: family planning, good health care

Question 10

Stage 5 examples

Answer 10

Germany