Chapter 4: Local Culture, Popular Culture, and Cultural Landscapes Flashcards
concerns of the globalization of western culture
the threat of cultural homogenization and displacement/replacement of local culture
-concerns over the loss of local distinctiveness and identity
cultural traits/values important to Americans
liberty, equality, democracy, individualism, unity, diversity, freedom
cultural appropriation
the process by which other cultures adopt customs and knowledge and use them for their own benefit
ie dreamcatchers at Wal-mart
cultural diffusion
through media
the expansion and adoption of a cultural element from its place of origin to a wider area
examples of relocation diffusion
the spread of baseball to Japan, spread of AIDS to America, spread of English to British colonies
examples of hierarchical diffusion
fashion trends (ie jeans, Catherine Middleton’s wedding dress, henna tattoos)
cultural assimilation
The process through which people lose originally differentiating traits, such as dress, speech particularities, or mannerisms, when they come into contact with another society or culture.
acculturation
The adoption of certain cultural and social characteristics of one culture/society by another culture/society
examples of material aspects of culture
things a group of people construct, art, houses, clothing, sports, dance, and foods
examples of non-material aspects of culture
beliefs, practices, aesthetics, and values
diffusion of pop culture
Popular culture diffuses (usually hierarchically)
through rapid electronic communications (ie social networks, media), marketing and transportation networks.
diffusion of folk culture
Folk culture diffuses through relocation diffusion and migration
characteristics of folk culture
small, incorporates a homogeneous population, typically rural and is cohesive in cultural traits
examples of forced assimilation
US government policy of assimilation during 1800s-1900s to assimilate indigeneous peoples into the dominant culture (make American Indians into “Americans”).
in Australia: forced assimilation of Aboriginals
in Canada: forced assimilation of First Nations and Inuit
how has Branson, MO capitalized on local culture? How is local culture presented to tourists?
capitalizeing on a local culture in the Ozarks, melding a number of people and perceptions in one place for tourists to consume.
the city of Branson tapped its local customs (ie food preferences, history, and music) to create an authentic identity of rural country heritage
how have Anabaptists tried to restrict contact and preserve their culture within?
- live in rural/isolated areas
- marry within communities
- no access to the Internet or other technological advancements
- reinforce a patriarchal social structure
authenticiation of culture for tourism
when local cultures or customs are commodified, usually one image/experience is typecast as the authentic image or experience of that culture and it is that image or experience that the tourist or buyer desires.
globalization of pop culture can be reproduced by people in context of local culture
reterritorialization
cultures can lessen the effect/spread of pop culture by limiting the media
ie in France, the government heavily subsidizes the domestic film industry with government policies dictating French television stations and radio
characteristics of culture
refers not only to the music, literature, and arts of a society but to all the other features of its way of life: prevailing modes of dress, routine living habits, food preferences, architecture, land use, and systems of education, government, and law
where culture starts/originates
cultural hearth
characteristics of pop culture
usually large, incorporates heterogeneous populations, typically urban, and experiences quickly changing cultural traits
how does folk culture view the environment
appreciates and preserves the environment and its use in agriculture, construction, food preferences, housing styles, etc
Folk cultures often (though not always)
incorporate elements of the local environment.
examples of folk/local cultural landscape in the US
Amish communities, Lindsborg, Kansas (Little Sweden), Little Italy in NYC, Chinatowns, Paragonah, Utah
