Chapter 4: Local Culture, Popular Culture, and Cultural Landscapes

Question 1

concerns of the globalization of western culture

Answer 1

the threat of cultural homogenization and displacement/replacement of local culture
-concerns over the loss of local distinctiveness and identity

Question 2

cultural traits/values important to Americans

Answer 2

liberty, equality, democracy, individualism, unity, diversity, freedom

Question 3

cultural appropriation

Answer 3

the process by which other cultures adopt customs and knowledge and use them for their own benefit
ie dreamcatchers at Wal-mart

Question 4

cultural diffusion

Answer 4

through media

the expansion and adoption of a cultural element from its place of origin to a wider area

Question 5

examples of relocation diffusion

Answer 5

the spread of baseball to Japan, spread of AIDS to America, spread of English to British colonies

Question 6

examples of hierarchical diffusion

Answer 6

fashion trends (ie jeans, Catherine Middleton’s wedding dress, henna tattoos)

Question 7

cultural assimilation

Answer 7

The process through which people lose originally differentiating traits, such as dress, speech particularities, or mannerisms, when they come into contact with another society or culture.

Question 8

acculturation

Answer 8

The adoption of certain cultural and social characteristics of one culture/society by another culture/society

Question 9

examples of material aspects of culture

Answer 9

things a group of people construct, art, houses, clothing, sports, dance, and foods

Question 10

examples of non-material aspects of culture

Answer 10

beliefs, practices, aesthetics, and values

Question 11

diffusion of pop culture

Answer 11

Popular culture diffuses (usually hierarchically)

through rapid electronic communications (ie social networks, media), marketing and transportation networks.

Question 12

diffusion of folk culture

Answer 12

Folk culture diffuses through relocation diffusion and migration

Question 13

characteristics of folk culture

Answer 13

small, incorporates a homogeneous population, typically rural and is cohesive in cultural traits

Question 14

examples of forced assimilation

Answer 14

US government policy of assimilation during 1800s-1900s to assimilate indigeneous peoples into the dominant culture (make American Indians into “Americans”).
in Australia: forced assimilation of Aboriginals
in Canada: forced assimilation of First Nations and Inuit

Question 15

how has Branson, MO capitalized on local culture? How is local culture presented to tourists?

Answer 15

capitalizeing on a local culture in the Ozarks, melding a number of people and perceptions in one place for tourists to consume.
the city of Branson tapped its local customs (ie food preferences, history, and music) to create an authentic identity of rural country heritage

Question 16

how have Anabaptists tried to restrict contact and preserve their culture within?

Answer 16

• live in rural/isolated areas
• marry within communities
• no access to the Internet or other technological advancements
• reinforce a patriarchal social structure

Question 17

authenticiation of culture for tourism

Answer 17

when local cultures or customs are commodified, usually one image/experience is typecast as the authentic image or experience of that culture and it is that image or experience that the tourist or buyer desires.

Question 18

globalization of pop culture can be reproduced by people in context of local culture

Answer 18

reterritorialization

Question 19

cultures can lessen the effect/spread of pop culture by limiting the media

Answer 19

ie in France, the government heavily subsidizes the domestic film industry with government policies dictating French television stations and radio

Question 20

characteristics of culture

Answer 20

refers not only to the music, literature, and arts of a society but to all the other features of its way of life: prevailing modes of dress, routine living habits, food preferences, architecture, land use, and systems of education, government, and law

Question 21

where culture starts/originates

Answer 21

cultural hearth

Question 22

characteristics of pop culture

Answer 22

usually large, incorporates heterogeneous populations, typically urban, and experiences quickly changing cultural traits

Question 23

how does folk culture view the environment

Answer 23

appreciates and preserves the environment and its use in agriculture, construction, food preferences, housing styles, etc
Folk cultures often (though not always)
incorporate elements of the local environment.

Question 24

examples of folk/local cultural landscape in the US

Answer 24

Amish communities, Lindsborg, Kansas (Little Sweden), Little Italy in NYC, Chinatowns, Paragonah, Utah