Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Politics Essay Examples !!! > Democracy And Participation > Flashcards

Democracy And Participation Flashcards

1
Q

Direct democracy:

A
  • originated in Athens in Ancient Greece
    Referendums:
  • Scottish independence referendum 2014
  • AV referendum
  • EU referendum - divided Tory eurosceptics, were settled by referendum.
    Other:
  • Recall of MPs act 2010
  • Switzerland are a direct democracy and use initiatives, votes for president and has citizens assembly, federal.
  • New England - citizenship legislature and local town hall elections
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Representative deomcracy

A
  • range of elections gives voters more chances to participate: police crime commissioners since 2012, metro mayors election since 2017, London mayor elections since 2000.
    Disadvantages: elected parties don’t always follow will of people e.g. Lib Dem’s when in coalition with tories went against promise to cut tuition fees and instead, increased them.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Participation crisis:

A
  • yes: low turnout in 2001 at 58% compared to 1997 at 76%
  • only 1.6% of population belong to political party membership which was 3.8^ in 1983
  • no: increase in participation in pressure groups like climate crisis and Iraq war
  • over 5.5 million signatures for petition to revoke Article 50.
    Membership:
  • Tory - 2019 = 180000. 2022 = 172000
  • labour - 2019 = 485000. 2023 = 400000
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Turnout:

A

Highest:
UK - 1992 GE 77.7%
Scotland - 2021 63%
Wales - 2021 46%
Greater LND - 2016 45%
Lowest:
UK - 20012 GE 59.4%
Referendums:
Scottish Independence - 85%
EU - 72.2%
Good Friday - 81%
Welsh devolution - 50%
AV ref - 42%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

1992 GE

A

Turnout - 77.7%
Winner - tories
% votes - 41.9%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

1997 GE

A

Turnout - 71.4%
Winner - lab
% votes - 43.2%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

2010 GE

A

Turnout - 65.1%
Winner - Tories + Libs
% Votes:
Libs 23%
Tories 36%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

2015 GE

A

Turnout - 66.2%
Winner - Tory
% votes - 36.8%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

2017 GE

A

Turnout - 68.8%
Winner - Tory
% votes - 42.3%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

2019 GE

A

Turnout - 67.3%
Winner - Tory
% votes - 43.6%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Votes differ in importance and significance:

A

2019 GE - Sheffield Hallam
- 8.8 % between 1st and 3rd
- Knowsley labour majority of 72.71% so SURPLUS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Pressure groups

A

Green peace - 3 million members so good funding
National farmers union - insider lobbyists
National autistic society - ‘I EXIST” campaign bought Autism act 2009 by MP Cheryl Gillian through private members bill.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Think tanks

A

Fabian society = centre left has influenced kier starmer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Lobbying scandals

A

2020:
Cameron messaging Sunak to get company Greensill onto COVID corporate finance facility scheme.

2024:
Scott Benton MP for Tories and Blackpool South constituency .
Faced by election after weaker of lobbying scandal.
Filmed offering to lobby minister for a fake company in a newspaper sting. He was offering to leak confidential policy paper from parliamentary questions.
Suspended as Tory mp.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Judicial review

A

Irrationality = Hndcock sent home Covid patients from hospital leading to many deaths

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Freedom of info act + scandal

A

2000
- mp expenses
- Peter viggers claims £1645 for duck house

17
Q

Anti terrorism crime and security act

A
  • 2001
  • Detains suspected non-British terrorists.
  • Protects collective rights but limits individual rights.
18
Q

Prevention of terrorism act

A
  • 2005
  • Control suspected terrorists with house arrests, phone restriction and lack of freedom of movement.
  • Restricts individual rights but protects collective rights.
19
Q

Terrorism act

A
  • 2006
  • Arrested suspects held for 90 day period before being charged with crime. 90 days rejected in report stage and reduced to 28 day detention.
  • Individual rights limited and possibly breached if innocent and collective rights protected from dangerous people.
20
Q

Counter terrorism act

A
  • 2008
  • Detain suspects for 42 days but was rejected. So protects individual rights as it prevents longer detention.
  • But it doesn’t protect collective rights if a guilty person is let free.
21
Q

Terrorism asset freezing act

A
  • 2010
  • Reduced right to enjoyment of property like financial restrictions.
  • Restricts individual rights to protect collective rights.
22
Q

Investigatory powers act

A
  • 2016
  • Retention of personal electronic data.
  • Limits individuals rights to privacy.
23
Q

Police crime sentencing and courts act

A
  • 2022
  • Restrictions on protesting freedoms.
  • Reduces individual freedom of expression but does protect collective from harmful impacts of protests.
24
Q

Public order act

A
  • 2023
  • Prevents ‘locking on’ and other disruptive physical forms of protest.
  • Protects collective, limits individual.
25
Q

Shamima Begum special immigration appeals case 2023

A
  • collective rights protected individual rights not protected.
  • begum tried to join Islamic state so stopped of citizenship for national security by Sajid Javid.
26
Q

Ghaidan VS Godin-mendoza 2004

A
  • individual rights protected against discrimination
  • gave homosexual couple the rights to Article 8 - rights to private and family life
  • rent act 19777 embraced homosexual couples living together and courts power to ‘read in’ to legislation using HRA
27
Q

Civil partnership act 2004

A
  • enables same sex couples to obtain legal recognition.
  • but when marriage was allowed CPA wasn’t repealed to they had both options
  • but this left heterosexual couples with the option to only marry not be civil partners
    Protects individual rights to obtain rights to private family life and refrain for discrimination
28
Q

Abu Qatada vs UK

A
  • individual rights protected - no slavery or forced labour
  • Abu, a radical Muslim, tried to promote violence and Islamist cause so spent time in jail.
  • was a threat and ministers wanted to deport him for trial
  • but legal advisors delayed this on the terms that he might face torture and breached rights.
  • but Uk saw him a dangerous influence.

Politics Essay Examples !!! (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions