dementia and parkinsons Flashcards
What is dementia
Syndrome consisting of progressive impairment of multiple domains of gonitive function which leads to loss of acquired skills and interference in occupational and social role
Which neurological disorder is associated with rapid progression
CJD
Which neurological disorder has a stepwise progression
Vascular dementia
Which neurological disorder has abnormal movements and bradykinesia
Huntingtons disease
Which dementia has parkinsonism
Lewybody
What is the presentation of frontotemporal dementia
- Early personality and behavioural change
- Change in eating habits
- dysphasia
- memory relatively preserved
What is the presentation of dementia with lewy bodies
- Early visuospatial and executive dysfunction
- Prominent fluctuation (drastic mental state changes throughout the day)
- Parkinsonism
- visual hallucinations
What is the presentation of alzheimers
Tempero-parietal dementia:
- Early memory disturbance
- Language and visuospatial problems
- Personality preserved until later
What is the treatment of alzheimers + lewy body dementia
- Cholinersterase inhibitors :
Donepezil, rivastigmine and galantamine - NMDA antagonist - memantine
What is the management for vascular dementia
No treatment but reducing vascular risk factors
What is the treatment for frontotemporal dementia
None
What is required for parkinsons diagnosis
Bradykinesia + 1 of the following:
- rigidity
- tremor
- postural instability
What is the presentation of parkinsons disease
- Bradykineia
- tremor
- rigidity
- postural instability(falls a lot)
- Slowly progressive
- assymetric rest tremor
- good response to dopamine replacement
- Shuffling gait
What is the treatment of parkinsons
- Levodopa
- MAO-B inhibitors (selegiline,rasagiline and safinamide)
-3.COMT inhibitors (entacapone, tolcapone and opicapone) - Dopamine agonists (ropinirole, pramipexole and rotigotine)
