autonomic nervous system Flashcards
describe sympathetic nerves
They come from the thoracolumbar outflow and have a short preganglionic and a long postganglionic fibres
Where is the parasympathetic outflow
Craniosacral outflow
What are the synapses between pre and post ganglionic cells in the sympathetic nervous system
Cholinergic and nicotinic
What are the synapses between pre and post ganglionic cells in the parasympathetic nervous system
Cholinergic and nicotinic
What are the synapses between postganglionic and target cells in the parasympathetic nervous system
Cholinergic and muscarinic
What are the synapses between postganglionic and target cells in the sympathetic nervous system
Sympathetic releases noradrenaline which acts on beta or alpha adrenergic receptors
What cells release adrenaline and noradrenaline into the blood
Cells of the adrenal medulla
What does sympathetic innervation of the eye cause
Contraction of the dilator pupilae which causes dilitation of the pupil
What does parasympathetic innervation of the heart cause
Release of acetylcholine which results in decreased heart rate
What is the difference between alpha1 and beta2 receptors on smooth muscles of vessels with sympathetic innervation
- If alpha 1 receptor - sympathetic causes contraction of smooth muscle and decreased blood flow
- If beta 2 receptor - sympathetic causes dilitation and increased blood flow
What is sympathetic innervation of lung
Relaxes the lung
