Dementia Flashcards
you can thank my 2nd glass of wine for this deck of cards
can’t go to bed until it’s finished so might as well be productive, holllaaaa
what type of dementia makes up 50%
alzheimer’s
what happens in the brain with alzheimer’s
senile plaques
amyloid depositions
neurofibrillary tangles
what is vascular dementia
a white matter disease caused by multiple or single infarcts
s/s same as alzheimer’s
who mostly gets frontotemporal dementia?
men, from genetics
what are the 3 types of frontotemporal dementia?
huntington’s chorea
pick’s disease
progressive supranuclear palsy
what are the s/s of huntington’s chorea?
writhing
cognitive problems
bradykinesia @ 10y
at what age does huntington’s chorea usually present
35-45
how do you treat huntington’s chorea?
dopamine blockers
what test is done to dx pick’s disease and what do you see
silver stain - you see pick bodies/intracellular inclusions
how do you treat pick’s disease
you can’t :(
what does progressive supranuclear palsy look like
parkinson’s disease
can you treat progressive supranuclear palsy?
what is the prognosis?
no
prognosis is 5-10y
there is also a thing called parkinson’s dementia
it is when you have parkinson’s and get dementia
OK MOVING ON
intraneuron cytoplasmic inclusions that stain with PAS staining and may have a cholinergic effect + cause dementia
lewy bodies
how do you treat lewy body dementia
anti-cholinergics
what type of dementia most likely causes gate ataxia and urinary incontinence?
normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH)
what do you see on MRI wiht NPH?
large ventricles
how do you tx NPH?
a shunt
what drug most commonly causes drug-induced dementia?
ETOH
as i happily drink my wine
what deficiency can ETOH use lead to?
Vitamin deficiencies e.g. thiamin, B12
what does thiamin def. lead to?
Wernicke’s encephalopathy
what does B12 def. lead to?
spinal cord issues
what is the last syndrome that can be caused by alcohol and includes the symptom of confabulation?
korsakoff’s syndrome
what is the term for nicotinic acid def?
pellagra
what type of dementia do boxers get?
dementia pugilistica
what type of dementia can be caused by depression?
pseudodementia
what are the 3 main drug classes used to treat dementia?
anti-acetylcholinesterase drugs
NMDA receptor antagonists
antipsychotics
