Dementia

Question 1

Definition

Answer 1

A group of symptoms characterised by a decline in cognitive functions (this involves thinking, memory, learning etc)

Question 2

Types of Dementia

Answer 2

Alzheimer’s disease
Vascular Dementia
Lewy body Dementia
Frontotemporal Dementia

Question 3

AD

Answer 3

The most common, cause 60-70% cases, caused by abnormal proteins accumulation in brain which results nerve cells losing connection & dieing

Question 4

VD

Answer 4

Caused by impaired blood flow to the brain due to Vascular issues

Question 5

LBD

Answer 5

Deposition of abnormal proteins in brain causing hallucinations, fluctuating cognition and symptoms resembling Parkinson Disease

Question 6

FTD

Answer 6

The frontal and temporal side of brain is the target leading to a change in personality, behaviour and language

Question 7

Symptoms (MIDLAPCC)

Answer 7

Memory loss
Impaired judgement
Difficulty in performing familiar tasks
Loss of motor skills
Agitation & mood swings
Personality changes
Communication difficulties
Confusion

Question 8

Diagnosis

Answer 8

Medical history & Physical examination
Cognitive & neuropsychological tests
Brain imaging
Laboratory tests

Question 9

Treatment

Answer 9

Medications to manage cognitive symptoms
Non pharmalogical interventions (speech & physical therapy & exercise)

Question 10

Prevention (MRSMC)

Answer 10

Maintaining healthy diet
Regular exercise
Social engagement (for active mental)
Managing cardiovascular task
Cognitive stimulation via reading & solving puzzles