DEMENTIA Flashcards
Types of Dementia
Alzheimer’s Disease, Multi-infarcts (CVA), Parkinson’s Disease (Lewy Body Dementia), Huntington’s Disease, Korsakoff’s Syndrome (Alcohol Abuse)
Reversible Types of Dementia
- Depression
- Metabolic Imbalance
- Hypothyroidism
- Medication
Statistics for Alzheimer’s Disease
- 1 in 10 Americans has a family member with AD
- 1 in 10 individuals older than 65 is affected by AD
- Nearly half of individuals older than age 85 has AD
- AD is the most common form of dementia (50-70%)
- AD can last 3 to 20 years, with avg of 8 years from DX to Death
- incidence are expected to double every 20 years
Problems that are created with dementia
- Functional Problems
- Behavioral Problems
- Neurological Problems
- Caregiver Problems - especially stree
Types of (LTM) Long Term Memory
- Episodic Memory
- Semantic Memory
- Declarative Memory
- Prospective Memory
- Procedural Memory
Episodic Memory
for personal episodes or events that have a contextual reference, often can trigger with stories, pictures and smells
Semantic Memory
for memory of facts difficult to tap into unless about info used extensively in daily life. Maybe categories of knowledge.
Declarative Memory
for general knowledge, not often preserved (Who was the first president?)
Prospective Memory
memory used to tell us what to do, figuring out what to do based on experience. Should I cross the street if light is red? Though impaired, may be amenable to adaptive strategies and cues.
Procedural Memory
memory for knowing how to do something, e.g, ride a bike, bake cookies - even though not done for many years. If we know person’s history, may be able to tap into this. Find activities that don’t require new learning.
Which type of memory stays with the individual with dementia stays the longest?
*Procedural
the shortest - episodic / recall
Ways to prevent dementia
- active and invested in meaningful activities
- proper nutrition and exercise
- participation in socialization activities
- cognitive exercise*
-What are the typical interventions for dementia?
- Behavior Management
- Environmental Modifications
What are the seven stages of Alzheimer’s Disease?
Stage 1 - No Impairment
Stage 2 - Very Mild Decline (Sapphire)
Stage 3 - Mild Decline (Diamond)
Stage 4 - Moderate Decline (Emerald)
Stage 5 -Moderately Severe Decline (Amber)
Stage 6 - Severe Decline (Ruby)
Stage 7 - Very Severely Decline (Pearl)
Stage 1 - and OT Interventions
NO IMPAIRMENT - no objective/subjective functional decline
- begins to notice some memory problems
