degrees of dominance, multiple alleles, polygenic inheritance, pleiotropy

Question 1

Multiple alleles

Answer 1

three or more alleles for a particular gene/trait

Question 2

Polygenic inheritance

Answer 2

A non-Mendelian form of inheritance in which a particular trait is produced by the interaction of many genes; an additive effect of two or more genes on a single phenotype like skin color or height

Question 3

Pleiotropy

Answer 3

A property in which genes have multiple phenotypic effects

Question 4

Complete Dominance

Answer 4

when phenotypes of the heterozygote and dominant homozygote are identical

Question 5

Incomplete Dominance

Answer 5

when the phenotype of F1 hybrids is somewhere between the phenotypes of the two parental varieties

Question 6

Co-dominance

Answer 6

when two dominant alleles affect the phenotype in separate, distinguishable ways

Question 7

What is the difference between Pleiotropy and Polygenic Inheritance?

Answer 7

Pleiotropy: One gene causes many phenotypic effects Polygenic Inheritance: Many genes affect a singular trait

Question 8

Epistasis

Answer 8

Phenotypic expression of a gene at one locus alters that of a gene at a second locus. Ex: Coat color for labrador retrievers

Question 9

Cystic fibrosis and sickle cell disease are examples of ______

Answer 9

Pleiotropy because these diseases have multiple symptoms.

Question 10

What is the most basic difference between incomplete dominance and epistasis?

Answer 10

In incomplete dominance, two different alleles have a genetic relationship while epistasis is the genetic relationship between two genes.