Degenerative diseases of the CNS

Question 1

How can you optimize the quality of life?

Answer 1

By providing AE, task strategies, etc

Question 2

Probable decline in performance of an occupation.
Inconsistent preformance throughout the day.
Impact on the family is related to role change, caregiving needs, and potential loss.
Limited medical intervention.
Psych issues

Answer 2

Fairs that influence progressive neurological patients

Question 3

Pneumonia, blood clots, or pressure ulcers/bedsores

Answer 3

Preventative secondary complications

Question 4

Damage or lesions in neural pathway above the anterior born cell of the spinal cord

Answer 4

Upper motor neuron dysfunction

Question 5

Muscle weakness
 Incoordination, slow movements
spasticity
Babinski sign
increased deep tendon Reflex (DTR)
Pronator drift

Answer 5

Symptoms of UMN deficits

Question 6

Lesion that affects nerve fibers traveling from the anterior horn of the spinal cord to muscles

Answer 6

Lower motor neuron dysfunction

Question 7

Muscle weakness
Fasciculations (shaking, tremors, jerkiness)
Hypotonia
decreased deep tendon Reflex
absent Babinski

Answer 7

Symptoms of LMN deficits

Question 8

An autoimmune disease that affects the CNS.

The immune system attacks myelin, causing demyelination in multiple areas

Answer 8

Multiple sclerosis

Question 9

Leaves scars known as sclerosis, plaques or lesions

Answer 9

Demylenation

Question 10

The protective coating that goes around the nerve

Answer 10

Myelin

Question 11

Acute attacks with full or partial recovery; 85% of initial diagnosis

Answer 11

Relapsing and remitting

Question 12

Starts with relapsing and remitting course followed by progression at a variable rate; 50% develop in 10 years and 90% within 25 years

Answer 12

Secondary progressive

Question 13

Progressive without remission; 10% of initial diagnosis

Answer 13

Primary progressive

Question 14

Progressive with acute relapses; 5% of initial diagnosis

Answer 14

Progressive relapsing

Question 15

Most common symptom of MS caused by demyelination

Answer 15

Fatigue

Question 16

Avoid fatigue, cooler room it normally better, use heart modalities with caution, levels of Independence may fluctuate throughout the day, gaurd against soft tissue injury, monitor for safety issues, be aware of the combined effects of cognitive and physical dysfunction

Answer 16

The OT management of MS

Question 17

Due to disease process

Answer 17

Primary fatigue

Question 18

More controllable, due to deconditioning and respiratory muscle weakness and pain

Answer 18

Secondary fatigue

Question 19

Control of tremors and movement disorders, cognitive compensation, managing sensory deficits

Answer 19

Some OT interventions for MS

Question 20

One method to help with Diplopia

Answer 20

Cover one eye

Question 21

A contagious vital disease

Answer 21

Poliomyelitis (polio)

Question 22

Bedrest, positioning, and warm packs

Answer 22

Medial treatment for polio

Question 23

Impairment occurring years after having polio with satisfactory function in the interim

Answer 23

Post-polio syndrome

Question 24

Evaluate how strenght, ROM, and endurance affects ADLS, occupational performance, and psychosocial status. Assessment of psychosocial status is needed.
Overwork of muscles should be avoided.
Manage pain with body mechanics, support of weak muscles, and lifestyle modification

Answer 24

OT interventions for treating post polio syndrome

Question 25

Acute inflammatory condition of the spinal nerve roots, peripheral nerve, and in some cases, selected cranial nerve

Answer 25

Guillain-Barre syndrome

Question 26

Rehab is initiated when the patient is stable.
Initial focus on PROM, positioning, and splinting to prevent contracture.
Graded activities as the patient progresses.
Always gaurd against fatigue and irritation of the inflamed nerve.
Use AE and energy conservation techniques as needed.
Progress with upright positioning and activities.
Provide psychosocial support

Answer 26

OT treatment for Guillain-Barre syndrome