Cardiopulmonary conditions/rehab quiz 11/10 Flashcards
inadequate blood/oxygen supply to tissues
ischemia
disturbance in heart rhythm which causes it to beat too fast or too slow
arrhythmia
passing out
syncope
dizziness, loss of vision, nausea, weakness, sweating, palpitations
pre-syncope
build up of fatty substances on the inner walls of the arteries
atherosclerosis
hardening of the arteries
arteriosclerosis
chest pain
angina
what are some unchangeable cardiac risk factors
heredity, male gender, and age
what are some changeable cardiac risk factors
cholesterol levels, cigarette smoking, high bp, and an inactive lifestyle
what are some factors that are associated with left ventricular enlargement
smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and excessive weight
the umbrella term that refers to diseases of the heart or blood vessels
cardiovascular disease (CVD)
refers to atherosclerosis of the arteries supplying the heart muscle
coronary artery disease (CAD)
another term for a heart attack. causes part of the heart to die.
myocardial infarction (MI)
a delicate balance of rest and activity
cardiac rehab
when the heart cannot pump effectively and fluid backs up into the lungs or the body
congestive heart failure (CHF)
what happens due to valve damage?
CHF, ischemia, or pressure overload
When the left ventricle works harder to open the sticky valve, enlarges, and cardiac output decreases
Pressure overload
When fluid accumulates in the lungs and cause shortness of breath
Volume overload
Uses a balloon tipped catheter, ir can be opened in the area of the blockage to compress the blockage and widen the artery
Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
When a vein from elsewhere or an artery from your chest wall is used to “bypass” or detour around any blocked arteries to allow blood to flow freely and bring oxygen rich blood to the body
Coronary artery bypass graft
No lifting arms above shoulder height
no lifting, pushing, or pulling > 5-10 lbs
no twisting of trunk
no racing behind back
no holding breath during activities
NO driving or sitting in car with air bags
Sternal precautions
Rapid, chaotic rhythm that originates from multiple sites within atria-causes abnormal impulses to ventricles, so the heartbeat is irregular
Atrial fibrillation (afib)
Rapid fire of electrical impulses but the heart rhythm is more regular or organized
A-flutter
A battery operated device that sends electrical impulses to the heart when heart rate becomes too slow or irregular and not able to pump effectively
Pacemaker
Improve cardiac condition improve physical conditioning reduce symptoms of cardiac distress Improve overall health prevent cardiac problems
Rehab focuses for CAD
The stabilization of medical condition (1-3 days)
Acute phase of Rehab in MI
Supplies oxygen to the blood and removes waste products, primarily carbon dioxide, from the blood
Respiratory system
A small incision made into the airway to allow air to pass freely into the lungs
Tracheotomy
Damage to the alveolar wall and inflammation of the conducting airways. It is an umbrella term
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd)
Continuous positive airway pressure
Cpap
Supports inhalation but also allows exhalation against less pressure. Bilevel posotive airway pressure
Bipap
Sitting: patient bends forward slightly at the waist while supporting the upper body by leaning the forearms on a table or thigh
standing: leaving forward and propping body on a counter or shopping cart
Dyspnea control postures
Breathe in slow through nose for 2 counts, through tight pursed lios exhale for 4 counts
Pursed lip breathing
