Defintions From Past Exams

Question 1

OMIM

Answer 1

Database of all known genetic diseases

Question 2

cDNA library

Answer 2

Contains sequences complementary to mRNA

Question 3

Real-time PCR

Answer 3

DNA amplified, the progress of the PCR is monitored as it occurs (in real time) rather than at the end

Question 4

SNPs

Answer 4

Single nucleotide polymorphism, DNA sequence in which there is variation of a nucleotide between members of a species

Question 5

HV1 and HV2

Answer 5

SNPs on mtDNA used to identify familial relationships

Question 6

STRs

Answer 6

Short tandem repeats sequences of DNA that are repeated numbers us times

Question 7

Second generation insulin

Answer 7

Recombinant insulin

Question 8

Glycosylation

Answer 8

Carbohydrate groups added

Question 9

Attenuated vaccine

Answer 9

Virulence reduced but pathogen still viable

Question 10

Nanotechnology

Answer 10

Engineering of functional systems at a molecular scale

Question 11

Somatic cell nuclear transfer

Answer 11

Laboratory technique for creating an ovum with a donor nucleus

Question 12

Epigenetics

Answer 12

External modification that turn genes on or off

Question 13

Plasmid

Answer 13

Small circular self replicating DNA

Question 14

RNA interference

Answer 14

Rna molecules inhibit gene expression by destruction of mRNA

Question 15

M-FISyst

Answer 15

System used in DNA id of human remains

Question 16

Electropherpgram

Answer 16

Plot of results from electrophoresis

Question 17

Proteomics

Answer 17

Study of interactions of proteins

Question 18

Pharmacogenomics

Answer 18

Study of how genes effect persons response to drugs

Question 19

Regenerative medicine

Answer 19

Tissue engineering to restore normal function

Question 20

Biomarker

Answer 20

Biological molecule used to identify a pathological process

Question 21

Genomics

Answer 21

Structure function evolution mapping of genomes

Question 22

Frame shift mutation

Answer 22

Caused by insertion or deletions

Question 23

VNTR

Answer 23

Variable number tandem repeat short nucleotide sequence organised as a tandem repeat

Question 24

Peptide bond

Answer 24

Carboxyl group bonds with amino group

Question 25

Rennet

Answer 25

Curdled milk from the stomach of an unweaned calf

Question 26

Gram staining

Answer 26

Bacteria stained by crystal violet dye

Question 27

T-complex

Answer 27

Human protein chaperonin

Question 28

Gene therapy

Answer 28

Introduction of normal genes in replace of missing or defective ones

Question 29

Polymorphism

Answer 29

Genetic variation

Question 30

Timor suppressor genes

Answer 30

Protect cell from cancer