Definitions (CHAP 25)

Question 1

HYPOKALEMIA:

Answer 1

LOW BLOOD POTASSIUM

Question 2

HYPOCHLOREMIA:

Answer 2

LOW BLOOD CHLORIDE

Question 3

HYPONATREMIA:

Answer 3

LOW BLOOD SODIUM

Question 4

HYPOCALCEMIA:

Answer 4

LOW BLOOD CALCIUM

Question 5

HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA:

Answer 5

LOW PHOSPHATE LEVELS

Question 6

HYPOCAPNIA:

Answer 6

LOW CARBON DIOXIDE; LOWERS pH

Question 7

Define cation.

Answer 7

POSITIVELY CHARGED ION

Question 8

Define anion.

Answer 8

NEGATIVELY CHARGED ION

Question 9

Define osmolarity: ratio of _____ to _____.

Answer 9

SOLUTES; WATER

Question 10

Interstitial fluid – describe where this is located.

Answer 10

TISSUE SPACE

Question 11

Increased concentration of H+ (hydrogen ions) can lead to _____

Answer 11

ALKALOSIS.

Question 12

Significantly decreased concentrations of H+ can lead to _____.

Answer 12

ACIDOSIS

Question 13

Which system is the major buffer system of the body?

Answer 13

BICARBONATE-CARBONIC ACID BUFFER SYSTEM

Question 14

Which system is the major buffer system of the intracellular fluid?

Answer 14

PHOSPHATE BUFFER SYSTEM

Question 15

Know some major cations.

Answer 15

Na+, K+, Ca2+, and H+

Question 16

Know some major anions.

Answer 16

Cl-, HCO3-, and PO43-

Question 17

ADH is a hormone that acts on the kidneys to:

Answer 17

DECREASE URINE PRODUCTION.

Question 18

What makes ANP different from ADH & aldosterone?

Answer 18

ANP vasodilates while the others vasoconstricts.