BALANCES & CONCENTRATIONS

Question 1

Normal pH range of blood and tissue fluid:

Answer 1

7.35 - 7.45

Question 2

Facilitated transport allows ions to move along their _____ _____.

Answer 2

CONCENTRATION GRADIENT

Question 3

Active transport requires _____.

Answer 3

ENERGY

Question 4

Intracellular fluid: high concentrations of what ions?

Answer 4

POTASSIUM, PHOSPHATE, & MAGNESIUM

Question 5

Extracellular fluid: high concentrations of what ions?

Answer 5

SODIUM, CHLORIDE, CALCIUM & BICARBONATE

Question 6

When you are dehydrated, angiotensin II is released to stimulate…?

Answer 6

THIRST CENTER

Question 7

Understand how the respiratory system can regulate pH.

Answer 7

DECREASING RESPIRATION RATE INCREASES BLOOD pH (alkalosis). INCREASING RESPIRATION RATE DECREASES BLOOD pH (acidosis).

Question 8

Effects of aldosterone?

Answer 8

Increase water and Na+ retention; excretes K+; in response to low blood pressure

Question 9

Effects of ADH?

Answer 9

Maintain water; decreases Na+

Question 10

Effects of ANP?

Answer 10

Comes from atria of the heart in response to stretching of heart chambers; decreases blood volume & pressure by vasodilation; dilates afferent arteriole; increases filtration & excretion

Question 11

Effects of angiotensin II?

Answer 11

vasoconstricts afferent arteriole; urine output decreases; stimulates thirst center