Definitions and Introduction. Flashcards
Define a synsarcosis?
When a joint is held together by muscles rather than by bones.
What is the most proximal bone of the canine forelimb?
The scapula.
The area of the body where the 2 forelimbs come together is known as what?
The pectoral girdle.
How is the forelimb attached to the main body of the animal?
Via 8 extrinsic muscles.
The use of muscles to join 2 different body parts together is known as what?
As synsarcosis.
Other than attaching the forelimb to the body, what is the other function of the 8 extrinsic muscles?
They help to bear weight.
They help absorb shocks.
How much of an animals weight rests on the forelimbs?
Around 60%.
How much of an animals weight rests on the hindlimbs?
Around 40%.
What is the main function of the hindlimbs?
To propel the animal forward.
How does the positioning of the scapula differ in the dog and the cat?
In the cat, the scapula is positioned much more dorsally than in the dog.
What are the 8 extrinsic muscles that attach the forelimb to the trunk?
The latissimus dorsi.
The trapezius.
The rhomboideus.
Omo-transversarius.
The brachiocephalicus.
The pectoral muscles.
The serratus ventralis.
What are the 6 main joints of the canine forelimb?
The shoulder joint.
The elbow joint.
The carpal joint.
The metacarpophalangeal joint.
The proximal interphalangeal joint.
The distal interphalangeal joint.
What is the shoulder joint also known as?
As the scapulohumeral joint.
What is the elbow joint also known as?
As the cubital joint.
The joints of the canine forelimb are mainly what kind of joint?
Compound synovial joints.
What joints are identical in the forelimb and the hindlimb?
The 3 interphalangeal joints.
What is the major difference between the interphalangeal joints in the forelimb and the hindlimb?
In the forelimb is referred to as the carpus.
In the hindlimb it is referred to as the tarsus.
What allows the animal to stand upright and remain balanced?
The muscles in the forelimb oppose the muscles in the hindlimb allowing the animal to stand and remain balanced.
