Definitions and General

Question 1

Grading of muscle power

Answer 1

0-no movement
1-flicker/fasciculation
2- move with gravity
3-against gravity
4 - against resistance
5-normal. Overcomes full effort

Question 2

See picture 1 and name.

Answer 2

1. Genu valgum
   2 normal
   3 genu varum

Question 3

Arthrodesis definition

Answer 3

Stiffened/immobilise joints - unite 2 bones at a joint

Question 4

Arthrotomy

Answer 4

To open joint capsule

Question 5

Arthroplasty

Answer 5

Refashion/reconstruct joint

Question 6

synovectomy

Answer 6

Incision of synovium of joints

Question 7

Arthrolysis

Answer 7

Mobilize joint by cutting away fibrotic tissue

Question 8

Arthroscopy

Answer 8

Look into joint

Question 9

Tenotomy

Answer 9

Cut tendon

Question 10

Tenolysis

Answer 10

Release tendon

Question 11

Tenodesis

Answer 11

Fix tendon to bone to stabilise joints

Question 12

Define fracture

Answer 12

Complete or incomplete break in the continuity of bone, associated with an open or closed soft tissue injury of varying severity.

Question 13

Name types of spondyloarthropathies (4)

Answer 13

Ankylosing spondylitis
Reactive arthritis
IBD: Ulcerative colitis, chron’s
Psoriatic arthritis

Question 14

Define sequestrectromy

Answer 14

Removal dead fragments of bone

Question 15

Define recurvatum

Answer 15

Excessive extension

Question 16

What is hallux valgus?

Answer 16

Bunion

Question 17

What is pes Plano Valgus?

Answer 17

Flat foot.

Question 18

What does Talipes equinus mean?

Answer 18

Plantarflexed position of foot with contracture of the Achilles tendon

Question 19

Define radiculopathy

Answer 19

Impingement of nerve root

Question 20

Define myelopathy

Answer 20

Impingement of spinal cord

Question 21

Define osteochondrosis

Answer 21

Self-limiting development derangement of normal bone growth, primarily involving centers of ossification in epiphysis. Usually begins in childhood as degenerative or necrotic condition. Aseptic ischemic necrosis
Eg legg-calve-perthes disease, Osgood-schlattler disease…