Definitions

Question 1

Atom

Answer 1

The smallest unit in an element.

Question 2

Nucleus

Answer 2

Central part of an atom
Composed of protons and neutrons
Contains most of atom’s mass

Question 3

Proton

Answer 3

Positively Charged particle
Found within atomic nucleus
Has a mass of 1 amu

Question 4

Neutron

Answer 4

Uncharged particle
Found within an atomic nucleus
Mass is 1 amu

Question 5

Electron

Answer 5

Located in a shell that surrounds the atom’s nucleus

Mass is 0 amu

Question 6

Molecule

Answer 6

A group of two or more atoms chemically bonded together

Question 7

Quark

Answer 7

Makes up protons, neutrons and electrons

Question 8

Period

Answer 8

Each row of the periodic table is called a period.

The elements in each period have the same number of shells.

Question 9

Group

Answer 9

Each column is known as a group.

Each element in a group has the same number of electrons in its outer orbital.

Question 10

Valence Electrons

Answer 10

The electrons in the outer shell.

Question 11

Alkali Metals

Answer 11

• Made up of the first group in the periodic table.

- Extremely reactive and explosive

Question 12

Noble Gases

Answer 12

• Make up last group of periodic table

- Are known to be almost or totally unreactive

Question 13

Cation

Answer 13

• Positively Charged ion

- Loses Electrons

Question 14

Ion

Answer 14

An atom with loss or gain of electrons

Question 15

Anion

Answer 15

• Negatively Charged ion

- Gains Electrons

Question 16

Valence Shell

Answer 16

The outer shell/ region with the valence electrons

Question 17

Octet

Answer 17

Eight Valence electrons surrounding the nucleus