Definitions Flashcards
Rheumatoid Arthritis
A symmetrical deforming autoinflammatory polyarthropathy.
Ankylosing spondylitis
A seronegative HLA-B27+ve spondyloarthritis associated with chronic inflammation of the axial skeleton and sacro-iliac joints.
Psoriasis
A common chronic relapsing inflammatory skin condition, often characterised by well-demarcated salmon-pink plaques with overlying silvery scale.
Scleroderma
A heterogeneous group of disorders involving thickened, sclerotic skin lesions.
Hernia
An abnormal protrusion of a viscus or part of a viscus into an abnormal position through a defect in its containing cavity
Fistula
An abnormal connection between epithelial surfaces. Either between internal organs or from an internal organ to the external surface.
Examples
- Anal fistula
- AV fistula
- Enterovesicular fistula
Sinus
A blind-ended sac or cavity
Examples:
Carotid sinus
Maxillary sinus
Stoma
An artificial opening between an internal viscera and the external environment
Asthma
An episodic, reversible airway obstruction due to bronchial hypersensitivity to a variety of stimuli.
Epilepsy
A neurological disorder marked by sudden unprovoked episodes of sensory disturbance, loss of consciousness, or convulsions, associated with abnormal electrical activity in the brain.
Retinitis pigmentosa
An inherited degenerative eye disease that results in severe visual impairment due to progressive degeneration of the retinal rod photoreceptors.
Bronchiectasis
Permanent bronchial wall thickening and luminal dilatation found on CT, that clinically presents with a chronic cough productive of mucus.
Main complications of bronchiectasis
Pulmonary HTN → Cor pulmonale
Amyloidosis (do urine dip for proteinuria)
Massive haemoptysis due to mycotic aneurysm
Type 2 Respiratory failure
Coeliac Disease
An autoimmune enteropathy of the small bowel characterised by mucosal inflammation on gluten exposure leading to malabsorption
Cholesteatoma
Locally destruction expansion of stratified squamous epithelium within the middle ear.
