Definitions Flashcards
Coordination
dynamic ball
wobble
slide board (side to side)
Proprioception
walking on foam
passive movement by therapist
Balance
proprioceptive training in multiple directions tandem gait catch wobble braid figure 8 bridge survival (get up)
Reciprocal
multiple joints
multiple muscles
resistance by adjustable friction (i.e. stationary bicycle)
Open Chain
free weights
pulleys
weight cable
distal non-fixed
Open Environment
more complex tasks in which objects, supports or surfaces move during activity
Closed Chain
usually weight bearing position, body weight is often resistance (i.e. pushups, squats, distal-fixed)
Closed Environment
objects or surface tasks are performed on, does not move
Target Heart Rate
60-80 percent of maximum heart rate = target rate
220-age x 60%
Progressive Resistance Exercise
to increase resistance in order to strengthen a muscle or group (PRE)
Deconditioning
metabolic changes with bed rest or immobilization
Over Train
cumulative trauma disorders
Dynamic Stabilization
trunk (core) contraction as extremities move
Elasticity
soft tissue returns to normal after stretch
Plasticity
soft tissue does not immediately return to initial set state
Flexibility
ability to yield stretch
Flexion Bias
low back antalgia
Functional Exercise
mimics work activities in a controlled setting
Functional Position
neutral offers least stress
Power
force x velocity
Manual Exercise/Stretch
therapist controls motion and resistance
Mechanical Exercise/Stretch
machine controls motion and resistance
Variable Resistance
isokenetic machine
Velocity Spectrum Rehabilitation
isokinetic exercises using wide range of speeds
Stable
tabletop or floor base so stability is constant
Unstable
ball activities make core react throughout exercise
Muscle Exercise Progression
Active ROM: Rehabilitation Passive or Manual Passive or Active Assisted Active Active Resisted
Stretching
duration usually 3x15 seconds
Passive ROM: Mobilization
Ballistic: dangerous swinging motion
Static: elongated to tissue resistance and held
Cyclic/Intermittent: short duration static that is repeated
Mechanical: machine implemented
Manual/Passive: trainer provides stretch and/or resistance
Self/Active: flexibility exercises
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF):
1. Hold-Relax or Contract - Relax
2. Agonist Contract
3. Hold-Relax with Agonist Contract
