Definitions

Question 1

Atom

Answer 1

A particle, without charge, that is made up of protons, neutrons and electrons.

Question 2

Element

Answer 2

A substance that cannot be broken down further and that is made up of only one type of atom.

Question 3

Ionic Bond

Answer 3

Electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.

Question 4

Metallic Bond

Answer 4

The electrostatic attraction between sea of delocalised electrons and the metal ions.

Question 5

Mixture

Answer 5

Substances mixed together, but not having any chemical bonds. E.g. Air

Question 6

Compound

Answer 6

Two or more elements joined together by chemical bonds in a fixed ratio. This can be difficult to separate. E.g. Water

Question 7

Covalent Bond

Answer 7

A bond formed between non-metal atoms. It involves sharing pairs of electrons.

Question 8

Excess

Answer 8

An extra amount of a chemical that will not react in a reaction.
(When more reactant is added than necessary)

Question 9

Filtrate

Answer 9

The solution that comes through the filter paper during filtration.

Question 10

Saturated

Answer 10

A solution into which no more solute can be dissolved.

Question 11

Water of crystallisation

Answer 11

The number of water molecules chemically bound up in a salt (e.g. CuSO4.5H2O)

Question 12

Anhydrous

Answer 12

Salt powder that contains no water of crystallisation. (Dry)

Question 13

Mole

Answer 13

1 mole is equal to 6 x 10^23 atoms of an element or a compound.

Question 14

Avogadro Constant

Answer 14

6 x 10^23

The number of atoms in 1 mole of C is known as Avogadro’s constant.

Question 15

Precipitate

Answer 15

A solid which doesn’t dissolve in a solution

Question 16

Ion

Answer 16

A charged atom

Question 17

(aq)

Answer 17

A solution in water

Question 18

(s)

Answer 18

Solid

Question 19

(l)

Answer 19

Liquid

Question 20

(g)

Answer 20

Gas

Question 21

Conservation of mass

Answer 21

Matter can neither be created nor destroyed in a reaction

Question 22

–>

Answer 22

Reacts to form

Question 23

δ (Delta)

Answer 23

Slightly or a small amount of

Question 24

Malleable

Answer 24

Can be bent and hammered into shape

Question 25

Ductile

Answer 25

Can be drawn out into a wire

Question 26

What is an allotrope

Answer 26

Different structural modifications of an element; the atoms of the element are bonded together in a different way