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AEMT > Definitions > Flashcards

Definitions Flashcards

0
Q

Acidotic

A

Blood that is too acidic

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0
Q

Acute abdomen

A

A condition of sudden onset of pain within the abdomen, usually indicating peritonitis (Inflammation of the peritoneum ((the membrane lining the abdominal cavity and covering the abdomen organs.)) demands immediate medical or surgical attention.

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1
Q

Acidosis

A

A Pathologic condition resulting from the accumulation of acid in the body

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2
Q

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI)

A

Heart Attack; death of heart muscles following obstruction of blood flow to it. Acute in the meaning means “New” or “Happening right now”

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2
Q

Adduction

A

Motion of a limb towards the midline

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3
Q

Adolescent

A

Person between 12 - 18 years of age

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3
Q

Adrenaline

A

Hormone produced by the adrenal glands that mediates the “fight or flight” response of the sympathetic nervous system; called epinephrine.

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4
Q

Afterload

A

The pressure in the aorta against which the left ventricle must pump blood

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4
Q

Altered mental status

A

A change in the way a person thinks and behaves that may signal disease in the central nervous system or other contributing factors.

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5
Q

Amniotic sac

A

The fluid-filled, baglike membrane in which the fetus develops.

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5
Q

Amphetamines

A

A class of drug that increases alertness and excitation (that is, stimulates); includes methamphetamine (crank or ice).

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6
Q

Abrasion

A

The loss or damage of the superficial layer of the skin as a result of a body part rubbing or scraping across a rough or hard surface

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6
Q

Aneurysm

A

A swelling or enlargement of a part of an artery, resulting from weakening or the arterial wall.

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8
Q

Aorta

A

The main artery that receives blood from the left ventricle and delivers it to all the other arteries that carry blood to the tissues of the body.

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8
Q

Apnea

A

Absence of breathing; period of not breathing

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9
Q

Anaphylaxis

A

Anaphylaxis is a life‑threatening type of allergic reaction.

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9
Q

Arrhythmia

A

An irregular or abnormal heart rhythm; also, absence or heart rhythm.

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10
Q

Aspiration

A

The introduction of vomit or other foreign material into the lungs

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11
Q

Asthma

A

A disease or the lungs in which muscle spasms in the small air passageways and the production of large amounts of mucus result in airway obstruction.

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12
Q

Auscultation

A

Using a stethoscope to listen to sounds within organs

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12
Q

Automaticity

A

The ability of cardiac cells to generate an impulse to contract even when there is no external nervous stimulation.

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13
Q

Anxiety

A

Stress can come from any event or thought that makes you feel frustrated, angry, or nervous. Anxiety is a feeling of fear, unease, and worry.

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13
Q

Angina

A

Stable angina is chest pain or discomfort that usually occurs with activity or stress. Angina is chest discomfort due to poor blood flow through the blood vessels in the heart.

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14
Q

Avulsion

A

An injury in which soft tissue is torn completely loose or is hanging as a flap

15
Q

Bag-mask device

A

A device with a face mask attached to a ventilation bag containing a reservoir and connection to oxygen; delivers more than 90% supplemental oxygen

16
Q

Beta Blocker

A

A common class of cardiac drug that blocks beta effects, causing a decrease in the workload of the heart by reducing the speed of contractions, as well as reducing blood pressure.

17
Q

Arrhythmias

A

An abnormal heart rhythm.

18
Q

Blood pressure

A

The pressure that the blood exerts against the walls of the arteries as it passes through them

19
Q

Blow-by oxygen

A

A method of delivering oxygen by holding a face mask or similar devise near the infant or Childs face; used when a nonrebreather mask is not tolerated.

20
Q

Brachial artery

A

The major vessel in the upper extremities that supplies blood to the arm

21
Q

Bradycardia

A

A heart rate that is below the normal limit for a patient.

22
Q

Asthma

A

Asthma is a disorder that causes the airways of the lungs to swell and narrow, leading to wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing

23
Q

Bradypnea

A

A slow respiratory rate.

24
Q

Bronchospasm

A

Constriction of the airway passage of the lungs that accompanies muscle spasms

25
Q

Capillaries

A

The tiny blood vessels between the arterioles and venules that permits transfer of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste between body tissues and the blood

26
Q

Carbon dioxide ( co2)

A

A component of air that typically makes up 0.3% of air at sea level; also waste product exhaled during expiration by the respiratory system.

27
Q

Cardiac arrest

A

A state in which the heart fails to generate an effective and detectable blood flow; pulse are not palpable in cardiac arrest, even if muscular and electrical activity continues in the heart.

28
Q

Cardiac tamponade

A

Compression of the heart cause by a buildup of blood or other fluid in the pericardial sac.

29
Q

Carina

A

Point at which the trachea divided into the left and right mainstem bronchi.

30
Q

Central cyanosis

A

Cyanosis (A bluish grey skin color that is caused by a reduced level of oxygen in the blood) to the newborn’s face and trunk; indicates hypoxia (a dangerous condition in which the body’s cells do not have enough oxygen)

31
Q

Cyanosis

A

A bluish grey skin color that is caused by a reduces level of oxygen in the blood.

34
Q

Hypertension

A

High Blood Pressure

35
Q

Hyperthermia

A

A condition in which the body core temperature raises to 101° or more

36
Q

Hypersensitive

A

Hypersensitivity (also called hypersensitivity reaction or intolerance) refers to undesirable reactions produced by the normal immune system, including allergies and autoimmunity. These reactions may be damaging, uncomfortable, or occasionally fatal.

38
Q

Hypoglycemia

A

A condition characterized by a low blood glucose level

39
Q

Hypoperfusion

A

A condition that developers when the circulatory system is not able to deliver sufficient blood and oxygen to body organs, resulting in organ failure and eventual death if untreated

40
Q

Hypotension

A

Blood pressure lower than normal range

43
Q

Hypothermia.

A

Hypothermia is a medical emergency that occurs when your body loses heat faster than it can produce heat, causing a dangerously low body temperature. Normal body temperature is around 98.6 F (37 C). Hypothermia (hi-po-THUR-me-uh) occurs as your body temperature passes below 95 F (35 C).

When your body temperature drops, your heart, nervous system and other organs can’t work correctly. Left untreated, hypothermia can eventually lead to complete failure of your heart and respiratory system and to death.

45
Q

Hypoxic drive

A

A backup system system to control respirations when the oxygen level falls.

47
Q

Hypovolemic shock

A

Hypovolemic shock is an emergency condition in which severe blood and fluid loss make the heart unable to pump enough blood to the body. This type of shock can cause many organs to stop working.

Causes
Losing about 1/5 or more of the normal amount of blood in your body causes hypovolemic shock.

Blood loss can be due to:

Bleeding from cuts
Bleeding from other injuries
Internal bleeding, such as in the gastrointestinal tract
The amount of circulating blood in your body may drop when you lose too many other body fluids, which can happen with:

Burns
Diarrhea
Excessive perspiration
Vomiting

48
Q

Pancreatic hormone

A

A pancreatic hormone is any of various hormones produced by the pancreas. These include glucagon, insulin, pancreatic polypeptide, preproinsulin, proglucagon, and somatostatin.

51
Q

Pulmonary edema

A

Pulmonary edema is an abnormal buildup of fluid in the air sacs of the lungs, which leads to shortness of breath.

52
Q

Psychomotor Agitation

A

Psychomotor agitation is a series of unintentional and purposeless motions that stem from mental tension and anxiety of an individual.

53
Q

Tachycardia

A

Increase heart rate above 100

54
Q

Hypoxia

A

A dangerous condition in which the body’s cells do not have enough oxygen

55
Q

Myocardial ischemia

A

Myocardial ischemia occurs when blood flow to your heart muscle is decreased by a partial or complete blockage of your heart’s arteries (coronary arteries). The decrease in blood flow reduces your heart’s oxygen supply.

56
Q

Cerebrum

A

The largest part of three subdivisions of the brain, sometimes called the “grey matter”; made up of several lobes that control movement, hearing, balance, speech, visual perceptions, emotions, and personality.

57
Q

Cervical spine

A

The first seven vertebrae that lie in the neck

AEMT (10 decks)

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