Definaitions

Question 1

Epidemiology

Answer 1

Frequency (incidence/ prevalence)
distribution (cross-culturally, gender)
Comorbidity

Under that umbrella there is risk factors and [etiology =causes]

Question 2

etiology/
aetiology

Answer 2

causes NOT risk factors

Question 3

Risk factor

Answer 3

indicate a factor that is associated with a given outcome. not necessarily a cause.

Question 4

CBT models - Dx, Anx, OCD, PTSD,

Answer 4

Depression

1. Depressed mood
2. negative thoughts (activities seen as pointless, not enjoyable, too demanding)
3. reduced activity (reduction, social withdrawal)
4. loss of positive rewards (Loss of activities that used to give one a sense of pleasure, achievement or social acceptance)
5. depressed mood

Anxiety

1. Trigger
2. Perceived threat
3. Anxiety response
4. Unhelpful coping reactions - Safety-seeking behaviours and avoidance
5. Failure to learn that the worst does not happen / Belief remains unchanged
6. Perceived threat

OCD

1. Trigger
2. Intrusive cognitions
3. Cognitions perceived as important/dangerous
4. Safety seeking behaviour
5. Anxiety / Failure to learn that the worst does not happen
6. Intrusive cognitions

PTSD

1. Trigger
2. Vivid traumatic memories giving a sense of threat
3. High level of anxiety
4. Safety seeking behaviour
5. Failure to contextualise memory. Failure to learn to appraise danger
6. Vivid traumatic memory