Defensive Tactics Flashcards
TENR
-
Threat
opportunity, intent, capability, environment -
Exposure
safety and security
who/what is exposed to the threat / potential for harm -
Necessity
act now, later or not at all? -
Response
timely, appropriate, proportionate based on the above T.E.N.
Overriding principle of TENR
Safety is success
every effort must be made to minimise harm and maximise safety
any other objective - for example, the protection or recovery of property, or the arrest of offenders - is of secondary importance
PCA acronym
Perceived Cumulative Assessment
subjective assessment and reassessment, of an incident, using TOF/TENR, based on information known about the situation and the subject’s behaviour
TENR
Passive Resistant
explanation
Refuses verbally or with physical inactivity
TENR
Passive Resistant
suggested response according to policy
Mechanical restraints
(e.g. handcuffing, empty hand techniques e.g. physical restraints)
TENR
Cooperative
explanation
Willingly responds when approached
TENR
Cooperative
suggested response according to policy
Officer presence and tactical communication
TENR
Active Resistant
explanation
Pulls away, pushes away, or runs away
TENR
Active Resistant
suggested response according to policy
OC Spray
TENR
Assaultive
explanation
Intent to cause harm, expressed verbally as threats, through body language/physical action or violence
TENR
Assaultive
suggested response according to policy
- Baton
- Taser
- Dogs
- Weapon(s) of opportunity
TENR
GBH or death
explanation
Shows action intended to or likely to cause grievous bodily harm or death to any person
TENR
GBH or death
suggested response according to policy
Firearms and other force with serious implications
What is TENR?
Police threat assessment methodology.
Decision-making process that supports the timely and accurate assessment of information directly relevant to the safety of Police and others.
TENR responses must be…
- Considered
- Timely
- Proportionate
- Appropriate
TOF
explanation
Tactical Options Framework
TOF is a…?
training and operational guidance tool.
It assists you to decide when, how and at what level to use a tactical option(s).
It guides you to use force that is necessary and proportionate, given all the circumstances known at the time.
Components of the TOF
- Officer presence and Communication
(body language/communication/de-escalation & escalation) - Tactical Options (response) and subject behaviour
AWOCA
Options stage:
4 great motivators
- Time (save your time, or waste your time)
- Money (cost you money, or save your money)
- Family (save face in front of the family)
- Reputation (preserve personal and professional reputation)
Use of Force
Any officer that applies force must be able to justify that it is:
- Reasonable
- Proportionate
- Necessary
Use of Force
What Constabulary legal authority derives from the Crimes Act 1961
Constables’ legal authority to use force in the lawful execution of their duty
Use of Force
Section 39
Use of force to execute a process or to arrest
Use of Force
Section 40
Preventing escape or rescue
Use of Force
Section 41
Preventing suicide or certain offences
certain offences are:
* offences which would be likely to cause immediate and serious injury to the person or property of anyone, or
* any act being done which he believes, on RG, would, if committed, amount to suicide or to any such offence
Use of Force
Section 42
Preventing breach of the peace
Use of Force
Section 48
Use of force to defend a person
defence of himself or another
Use of Force
Section 62
Liability for excess use of force
excessive force is not reasonable force
Tac Comms
Foundation principles
- begin with a low-key approach
- always be professional
- always remain calm, speaking calmly and clearly
- listen carefully
- where practical, explain to people what you are about to do and why before doing it
- be assertive where required without being aggressive
- finish every request with “thanks” or “thank you”
- wherever possible, use positive instructions
- speak with and treat others as you would like to be spoken with and treated under the same circumstances
- verbal and non-verbal comms matching words and delivery
