Deep Back Muscles

Question 1

Name the 3 Errector Spinae muscles from lateral to medial

Answer 1

Iliocostalis
Longissimus
Spinalis

Question 2

Splenius Capitis Origin

Answer 2

Lower 1/2 of ligamentum nuchae

Spinous Process C VII to T IV

Question 3

Splenius Capitis Insertion

Answer 3

Mastoid process

Skull below lateral 1/3 superior nucchal line

Question 4

Splenius Capitis Function

Answer 4

Together- draw head back, extend neck

Individually- Draw and rotate head to same side

Question 5

Splenius cervicis origin

Answer 5

SP TII- TVI

Question 6

Splenius cervices insertion

Answer 6

Transverse process C I- C III

Question 7

Function of splenius cervices

Answer 7

Together- extend neck

Individually - Draw neck and rotate to one side

Question 8

Name the three parts of the spinalis muscles

Answer 8

Capitis
Cervicis (Evolving out of us)
Thoracis **questions will be on this
All originate and insert on spinous processess

Question 9

3 parts of transversospinalis

Answer 9

Semispinalis
Multifidus
Rotatores

Question 10

3 parts of semispinalis

Answer 10

capitis
cervicis
thoracis

All originate on transverse process and insert at spinous process

Question 11

Function of semispinalis muscles

Answer 11

Extension and opposite side rotation

Question 12

Multifidus Function

Answer 12

Extension and lateral flexion

Question 13

Multifidus Origin and insertion

Answer 13

Origin- Sacrum, posterior iliac spine, mammillary process of lumbar, transverse process thoracic, articular process cervical

Insertion- Base of spinous process of all vertebrae

Question 14

3 divisions of rotators of the back , origins and insertions
Function

Answer 14

Cervices- O- articular process, I- SP
Thoracies O- TP I- SP
Lumorum O- mammillary process I- SP
Function- opposite side rotation

Question 15

3 divisions of longissimus

Answer 15

capitis
cervicis
thoracis

Question 16

3 divisions of iliocostalis

Answer 16

Cervicis
Thoracis
Lumborum

all originate on angles of ribs (except lumborum- sacum, iliac crest, SP on lumbar verts
All insert on angles of ribs (TP for cervical)

Question 17

Atlanto-occipital joint

Answer 17

Diarthrodial, Condylar (Ellipsoid), 3 DF

Convex occipital condyles articulate on concave facets

Question 18

Atlanto-axial joint

Answer 18

lateral- Plane 2 DF Diarthrodial
Medial- Pivot 1 DF Diarthrodial
Articulation between C1 and C2

Question 19

Joints of vertebral bodies

Answer 19

Symphsis 3 DF
Articulation between nucleus and disc of adjacent vert
minimal movement, constricted by fascia

Question 20

Ligaments of joints of vertebral bodies

Answer 20

Anterior longitudinal ligament
Posterior longitudinal ligament
Intervertebral disks (annulus fibrosis, nucleus pulposus)

Question 21

Movements of joints of vertebral bodies

Answer 21

Flexion
Extension
Hyperextension
Rotation
Lateral flexion

Question 22

Joints of vertebral arches “facet joints”

Answer 22

Diarthrodial, Plane 3 DF

Articulation b/w superior articular facet of one vertebrae and inferior articular facet of another

Question 23

Ligaments of facet joints

Answer 23

Articular capsule (fibrous layer, synovial membrane)
Ligamentum flava
Supraspinous
LIgamentum nuchae
Interspinous
Intertransverse

Question 24

Movements of vertebral aches “facet joint”

Answer 24

Flexion (most in cervical)
Extension (restricted in thoracic region)
Hyperextension
Lateral flexion (most free in cervical, lumbar)
Rotation (most in thoracic, least in lumbar)

Question 25

Costotransverse Joint

Answer 25

Rib to Vertebral column
Distal end of rib articulate with body of vert
Tubercule of rib articular with transverse process

Question 26

Action of errector spinae muscles

Answer 26

Extend intervertebral joints
Lateral flexion
no rotation since there is no angle!