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Anatomy > Arm and Hand Muscles > Flashcards

Arm and Hand Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Origin of Biceps brachii

A

Long head-supraglenoid tubercle of scapula; short head-apex of coracoid process

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2
Q

Insertion of Biceps brachii

A

Tuberosity of radius

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3
Q

Innervation of Biceps brachii

A

Musculocutaneous nerve [C5, C6]

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4
Q

Function of Biceps brachii

A

Powerful flexor of the forearm at the elbow joint and supinator of the forearm; accessory flexor of the arm at the glenohumeral joint

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5
Q

Origin of Brachialis

A

Anterior aspect of humerus (medial and lateral surfaces) and adjacent intermuscular septae

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6
Q

Insertion of Brachialis

A

Tuberosity of the ulna

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7
Q

Innervation of Brachialis

A

Musculocutaneous nerve [C5, C6]

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8
Q

Function of Brachialis

A

Powerful flexor of the forearm at the elbow joint

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9
Q

Origin of Coracobrachialis

A

Apex of coracoid process

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10
Q

Insertion of Coracobrachialis

A

Linear roughening on midshaft of humerus on medial side

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11
Q

Innervation of Coracobrachialis

A

Musculocutaneous nerve [C5, C6, C7]

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12
Q

Function of Coracobrachialis

A

Flexor of the arm at the glenohumeral joint

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13
Q

Origin of Triceps brachii

A

Long head-infraglenoid tubercle of scapula; medial head-posterior surface of humerus; lateral head-posterior surface of humerus

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14
Q

Insertion of Triceps brachii

A

Olecranon

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15
Q

Innervation of Triceps brachii

A

Radial nerve [C6, C7, C8]

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16
Q

Function of Triceps brachii

A

Extension of the forearm at the elbow joint. Long head can also extend and adduct the arm at the shoulder joint

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17
Q

Origin of Brachioradialis

A

Proximal part of lateral supraepicondylar ridge of humerus and adjacent intermuscular septum

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18
Q

Insertion of Brachioradialis

A

Lateral surface of distal end of radius

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19
Q

Innervation of Brachioradialis

A

Radial nerve [C5, C6]

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20
Q

Function of Brachioradialis

A

Accessory flexor of elbow joint when forearm is midpronated

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21
Q

Origin of Pronator teres

A

Humeral head-medial epicondyle and adjacent supraepicondylar ridge; ulnar head-medial side of coronoid process

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22
Q

Insertion of Pronator teres

A

Roughening on lateral surface, midshaft, of radius

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23
Q

Innervation of Pronator teres

A

Median nerve [C6, C7]

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24
Q

Function of Pronator teres

A

Pronation

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25
Q

Origin of Pronator quadratus

A

Linear ridge on distal anterior surface of ulna

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26
Q

Insertion of Pronator quadratus

A

Distal anterior surface of radius

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27
Q

Innervation of Pronator quadratus

A

Median nerve [C7, C8]

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28
Q

Function of Pronator quadratus

A

Pronation

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29
Q

Origin of Supinator

A

Superficial part-lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral and anular ligaments; deep part-supinator crest of the ulna

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30
Q

Insertion of Supinator

A

Lateral surface of radius superior to the anterior oblique line

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31
Q

Innervation of Supinator

A

Posterior interosseous nerve [C6, C7]

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32
Q

Function of Supinator

A

Supination

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33
Q

Origin of Palmaris longus

A

Medial epicondyle of humerus

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34
Q

Insertion of Palmaris longus

A

Palmar aponeurosis of hand

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35
Q

Innervation of Palmaris longus

A

Median nerve [C7, C8]

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36
Q

Function of Palmaris longus

A

Flexes wrist joint; because the palmar aponeurosis anchors skin of the hand, contraction of the muscle resists shearing forces when gripping

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37
Q

Origin of Flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Humeral head-medial epicondyle of humerus; ulnar head-olecranon and posterior border of ulna

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38
Q

Insertion of Flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Pisiform bone, and then via pisohamate and pisometacarpal ligaments into the hamate and base of metacarpal V

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39
Q

Innervation of Flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Ulnar nerve [C7, C8, T1]

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40
Q

Function of Flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Flexes and adducts the wrist joint

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41
Q

Origin of Flexor pollicis longus

A

Anterior surface of radius and radial half of interosseous membrane

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42
Q

Insertion of Flexor pollicis longus

A

Palmar surface of base of distal phalanx of thumb

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43
Q

Innervation of Flexor pollicis longus

A

Median nerve (anterior interosseous nerve) [C7, C8]

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44
Q

Function of Flexor pollicis longus

A

Flexes interphalangeal joint of the thumb; can also flex metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb

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45
Q

Origin of Flexor digitorum superficialis

A

Humero-ulnar head-medial epicondyle of humerus and adjacent margin of coronoid process; radial head-oblique line of radius

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46
Q

Insertion of Flexor digitorum superficialis

A

Four tendons, which attach to the palmar surfaces of the middle phalanges of the index, middle, ring, and little fingers

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47
Q

Innervation of Flexor digitorum superficialis

A

Median nerve [C8, T1]

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48
Q

Function of Flexor digitorum superficialis

A

Flexes proximal interphalangeal joints of the index, middle, ring, and little fingers; can also flex metacarpophalangeal joints of the same fingers and the wrist joint

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49
Q

Origin of Flexor digitorum profundus

A

Anterior and medial surfaces of ulna and anterior medial half of interosseous membrane

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50
Q

Insertion of Flexor digitorum profundus

A

Four tendons, which attach to the palmar surfaces of the distal phalanges of the index, middle, ring, and little fingers

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51
Q

Innervation of Flexor digitorum profundus

A

Lateral half by median nerve (anterior interosseous nerve); medial half by ulnar nerve [C8, T1]

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52
Q

Function of Flexor digitorum profundus

A

Flexes distal interphalangeal joints of the index, middle, ring, and little fingers; can also flex metacarpophalangeal joints of the same fingers and the wrist joint

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53
Q

Origin of Flexor carpi radialis

A

Medial epicondyle of humerus

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54
Q

Insertion of Flexor carpi radialis

A

Base of metacarpals II and III

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55
Q

Innervation of Flexor carpi radialis

A

Median nerve [C6, C7]

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56
Q

Function of Flexor carpi radialis

A

Flexes and abducts the wrist

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57
Q

Origin of Flexor pollicis brevis

A

Tubercle of the trapezium and flexor retinaculum

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58
Q

Insertion of Flexor pollicis brevis

A

Proximal phalanx of the thumb

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59
Q

Innervation of Flexor pollicis brevis

A

Recurrent branch of median nerve [C8, T1]

60
Q

Function of Flexor pollicis brevis

A

Flexes thumb at metacarpophalangeal joint

61
Q

Origin of Abductor pollicis brevis

A

Tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium and adjacent flexor retinaculum

62
Q

Insertion of Abductor pollicis brevis

A

Proximal phalanx and extensor hood of thumb

63
Q

Innervation of Abductor pollicis brevis

A

Recurrent branch of median nerve [C8, T1]

64
Q

Function of Abductor pollicis brevis

A

Abducts thumb at metacarpophalangeal joint

65
Q

Origin of Opponens pollicis

A

Tubercle of trapezium and flexor retinaculum

66
Q

Insertion of Opponens pollicis

A

Lateral margin and adjacent palmar surface of metacarpal I

67
Q

Innervation of Opponens pollicis

A

Recurrent branch of median nerve [C8, T1]

68
Q

Function of Opponens pollicis

A

Medially rotates thumb

69
Q

Origin of Abductor digiti minimi

A

Pisiform, the pisohamate ligament, and tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris

70
Q

Insertion of Abductor digiti minimi

A

Proximal phalanx of little finger

71
Q

Innervation of Abductor digiti minimi

A

Deep branch of ulnar nerve [C8, T1]

72
Q

Function of Abductor digiti minimi

A

Abducts little finger at metacarpophalangeal joint

73
Q

Origin of Flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

Hook of the hamate and flexor retinaculum

74
Q

Insertion of Flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

Proximal phalanx of little finger

75
Q

Innervation of Flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

Deep branch of ulnar nerve [C8, T1]

76
Q

Function of Flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

Flexes little finger at metacarpophalangeal joint

77
Q

Origin of Opponens digiti minimi

A

Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum

78
Q

Insertion of Opponens digiti minimi

A

Medial aspect of metacarpal V

79
Q

Innervation of Opponens digiti minimi

A

Deep branch of ulnar nerve [C8, T1]

80
Q

Function of Opponens digiti minimi

A

Laterally rotates metacarpal V

81
Q

Origin of Palmaris brevis

A

Palmar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum

82
Q

Insertion of Palmaris brevis

A

Dermis of skin on the medial margin of the hand

83
Q

Innervation of Palmaris brevis

A

Superficial branch of the ulnar nerve [C8, T1]

84
Q

Function of Palmaris brevis

A

Improves grip

85
Q

Origin of Extensor carpi radialis longus

A

Distal part of lateral supraepicondylar ridge of humerus and adjacent intermuscular septum

86
Q

Insertion of Extensor carpi radialis longus

A

Dorsal surface of base of metacarpal II

87
Q

Innervation of Extensor carpi radialis longus

A

Radial nerve [C6, C7] before division into superficial and deep branches

88
Q

Function of Extensor carpi radialis longus

A

Extends and abducts the wrist

89
Q

Origin of Extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus and adjacent intermuscular septum

90
Q

Insertion of Extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

Dorsal surface of base of metacarpals II and III

91
Q

Innervation of Extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

Deep branch of radial nerve [C7, C8

92
Q

Function of Extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

Extends and abducts the wrist

93
Q

Origin of Extensor carpi ulnaris

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus and posterior border of ulna

94
Q

Insertion of Extensor carpi ulnaris

A

Tubercle on the base of the medial side of metacarpal V

95
Q

Innervation of Extensor carpi ulnaris

A

Posterior interosseous nerve [C7, C8]

96
Q

Function of Extensor carpi ulnaris

A

Extends and adducts the wrist

97
Q

Origin of Extensor digitorum

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus and adjacent intermuscular septum and deep fascia

98
Q

Insertion of Extensor digitorum

A

Four tendons, which insert via extensor hoods into the dorsal aspects of the bases of the middle and distal phalanges of the index, middle, ring, and little fingers

99
Q

Innervation of Extensor digitorum

A

Posterior interosseous nerve [C7, C8]

100
Q

Function of Extensor digitorum

A

Extends the index, middle, ring, and little fingers; can also extend the wrist

101
Q

Origin of Extensor indicis

A

Posterior surface of ulna (distal to extensor pollicis longus) and adjacent interosseous membrane

102
Q

Insertion of Extensor indicis

A

Extensor hood of index finger

103
Q

Innervation of Extensor indicis

A

Posterior interosseous nerve [C7, C8]

104
Q

Function of Extensor indicis

A

Extends index finger

105
Q

Origin of Extensor digiti minimi

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus and adjacent intermuscular septum together with extensor digitorum

106
Q

Insertion of Extensor digiti minimi

A

Extensor hood of the little finger

107
Q

Innervation of Extensor digiti minimi

A

Posterior interosseous nerve [C7, C8]

108
Q

Function of Extensor digiti minimi

A

Extends the little finger

109
Q

Origin of Extensor pollicis longus

A

Posterior surface of radius (distal to abductor pollicis longus) and the adjacent interosseous membrane

110
Q

Insertion of Extensor pollicis brevis

A

Dorsal surface of base of proximal phalanx of the thumb

111
Q

Innervation of Extensor pollicis brevis

A

Posterior interosseous nerve [C7, C8]

112
Q

Function of Extensor pollicis brevis

A

Extends metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb; can also extend the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb

113
Q

Origin of Abductor pollicis longus

A

Posterior surfaces of ulna and radius (distal to the attachments of supinator and anconeus), and intervening interosseous membrane

114
Q

Insertion of Abductor pollicis longus

A

Lateral side of base of metacarpal I

115
Q

Innervation of Abductor pollicis longus

A

Posterior interosseous nerve [C7, C8]

116
Q

Function of Abductor pollicis longus

A

Abducts carpometacarpal joint of thumb; accessory extensor of the thumb

117
Q

Origin of Dorsal interossei (four muscles)

A

Adjacent sides of metacarpals

118
Q

Insertion of Dorsal interossei (four muscles)

A

Extensor hood and base of proximal phalanges of index, middle, and ring fingers

119
Q

Innervation of Dorsal interossei (four muscles)

A

Deep branch of ulnar nerve [C8, T1]

120
Q

Function of Dorsal interossei (four muscles)

A

Abduction of index, middle, and ring fingers at the metacarpophalangeal joints

121
Q

Origin of Palmar interossei (four muscles)

A

Sides of metacarpals

122
Q

Insertion of Palmar interossei (four muscles)

A

Extensor hoods of the thumb, index, ring, and little fingers and the proximal phalanx of thumb

123
Q

Innervation of Palmar interossei (four muscles)

A

Deep branch of ulnar nerve [C8, T1]

124
Q

Function of Palmar interossei (four muscles)

A

Adduction of the thumb, index, ring, and little fingers at the metacarpophalangeal joints

125
Q

Origin of Lumbricals (four muscles)

A

Tendons of flexor digitorum profundus

126
Q

Insertion of Lumbricals (four muscles)

A

Extensor hoods of index, ring, middle, and little fingers

127
Q

Innervation of Lumbricals (four muscles)

A

Medial two by the deep branch of the ulnar nerve; lateral two by digital branches of the median nerve

128
Q

Function of Lumbricals (four muscles)

A

Flex metacarpophalangeal joints while extending interphalangeal joints

129
Q

Origin of Adductor pollicis

A

Transverse head-metacarpal III; oblique head-capitate and bases of metacarpals II and III

130
Q

Insertion of Adductor pollicis

A

Base of proximal phalanx and extensor hood of thumb

131
Q

Innervation of Adductor pollicis

A

Deep branch of ulnar nerve [C8, T1]

132
Q

Function of Adductor pollicis

A

Adducts thumb

133
Q

Extensors of Elbow Joint

A 
Triceps brachii 
Extensor capri ulnaris
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor digitorum
Extensor digiti minimi 
Supinator (superficial part)
134
Q

Flexiors of Elbow Joint

A 
Biceps brachii
Brachialis (most powerful) 
Brachioradialis 
Common flexor group 
Pronator Teres
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexor digitorum superficialias
135
Q

Suppination of Forearm

A

Biceps brachii

Suppinator

136
Q

Pronator of Forearm

A

Pronator teres

Pronator quadratus

137
Q

Flexors at Radiocarpal Joint

A
  • Palmaris longus
  • Flexor carpi ulnaris
  • Flexor carpi radialis
  • Flexor digitorum superficialis
  • Flexor digitorum profundus
138
Q

Extensors at Radiocarpal Joint

A
  • Extensor carpi radialis longus
  • Extensor carpi radialis brevis
  • Extensor carpi ulnaris
  • Extensor digitorum
139
Q

Muscles for Radial Deviation (Abduction) at Radiocarpal Joint

A
  • Flexor carpi radialis
  • Extensor carpi radialis longus
  • Extensor carpi radialis brevis
140
Q

Muscles of Ulnar Deviation (Adduction) at Radiocarpal Joint

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Extensor carpi ulnaris

141
Q

Flexor at IP Joint

A

Flexor pollicis longus

142
Q

Extensor at IP Joint

A

Extensor pollicis longus

143
Q

Flexors at MCP Joint

A

Flexor pollicis longus

Flexor pollicis brevis

144
Q

Origin of Deltoid

A

Inferior edge of the crest of the spine of the scapula, lateral margin of the acromion, anterior border of lateral one-third of clavicle

145
Q

Insertion of Deltoid

A

Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

146
Q

Innervation of Deltoid

A

Axillary nerve [C5, C6]

147
Q

Function of Deltoid

A

Major abductor of arm (abducts arm beyond initial 15° done by supraspinatus); clavicular fibers assist in flexing the arm; posterior fibers assist in extending the arm

Anatomy (10 decks)

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