Decolonisation of Latin America (1810-25) Flashcards
Overview
1: Saint Domingue (slave insurrection)
2: Spanish colonies (related to Napoleonic wars)
3: Brazil
Not: Guyana and Carribbean (deterrence from Haiti)
Disintegration: New Grenada (Colombia)
Bolivar: armed struggle from 1810
Liberation of Caracas, Bogota, and formation Gran Colombia in 1819
1830: seperation into Colombia, Venezuela and Ecuador
Disintegration: La Plata (Argentina)
San Martin: provisional junta in 1810
Independence: Argentina in 1816
Chile: conquered by San Martin in 1817
Disintegration: Lima (Peru)
San Martin: conquered in 1821
Bolivar and San Martin in 1822:
Both become presidents of independent Peru
Bolivia: independence in 1825
Disintegration: New Spain
Insurrection: pro-Napoleon and liberal in 18-25, defeated by loyalists
Conservative revolution: new spanish constitution in 1821
Federal rep of central America: existed from 1823-40, disintegration due to Mexican interference
Mexico+various southern states
Brazil
King Joao: settles in Brazil in 1808
Returns to Lisbon in 1821: Dom Pedro (son) remains
Rejection of monarchy and support of nationalists: Pedro is crowned emperor
Independence in 1822 under house of Braganza
Violence
Between european powers: in the Carribbean and Egypt
Between Europeans and colonials: French support of natives in NA and British support of Haiti
Between colonials: civil war in US and insurrection in Haiti
Interconnection
Participation: Dominicans in French army in BNA
Direct influence: US support for Haitian insurrections and Haitian asylum for Bolivar
Reverse consequences: Canada develops out of anti-revolutionism and colonials’ preference for status quo than a Haitian-style rebellion
Continuity after independence
Elites: usually remained power (white elite/minority)
Slavery: usually continued (post-colonial states were the last to abolish)
Empires: usually formed their own dynasties (Haiti, Brazil, Mexico)
Exports: usually the same goods to the same destinations (dependence relations)
