Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

UWS Cards > deck_1349701 > Flashcards

deck_1349701 Flashcards

2
Q

Osteology

A

study of the bones/skeleton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Vertebral column

A

24 vertebrae with a sacrum and coccyx, other bones associated with it are the occipital, temporal bones of skull, 12 pairs of ribs and the sternum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Vertebral column functions

A

flexible central column, supports head/viscera, suspends upper extremities, body shape, transfers weight, stabilizes body, absorbs forces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Regions of Vert. Column

A

Cervical - 7 vertebrae, Thoracic - 12 vertebrae, Lumbar - 5 vertebrae, Sacrum - 5 fused vertebrae, Coccyx - 5 fused vertebrae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Curves of the spine

A

Lordotic - concavity faces posteriorKyphotic - concavity faces anteriorly, has primary (present at birth) and secondary curves (develop after birth due to musculature and lifting head, sitting walking)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Scoliotic Curve

A

lateral curve in the coronal plane. Names for the side of the convexity (hump) looking from a posterior view

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Names of some abnormal curves

A

lordosis, kyphosis, scoliosis, straight or military

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Functions of the curve

A

compensate for upright posture of a human, helps absorb forces placed on vert. column, compensate for assymetrical structure and function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Features of Typical Vertebrae

A

body, vertebral arch containing 2 pedicles, 2 laminae, 7 processes, vertebral foramen, vertebral notches creating the intervertebral canal, pars interarticularis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Zygapophyseal joint

A

articulation of the Superior Articular facet and the Inferior Articular facet on the SAP and IAP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Occiput

A

foramen magnum - the spinal cord to brain transition, meninges - dura mater anchored to margin of foramen, vertebral arteries (paired), continuous inferiorly to vertebral canal, external occipital proturberance, jugular and paramastoid proces, mastoid process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

3 Part of the Occiput

A

Basilar, Condylar and Scuamous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Occipital Condyles

A

lateral to foramen, have articular facets on inferior part for C1 and the tubercles on the medial suface for the alar ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Nuchal Lines

A

on squamous external suface, superior nuchal lines is the insertion of traps, Sternoclavicleomastoid and splenius capitis muscles, inferior nuchal lines is rectus capitis posterior major and minor and obliquus capitis superior, median nuchal line, median nuchal line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cervical Vertebrae 2 funtional groups

A

suboccipital (C1 - C2) - providing rotation and flexion and extension of neck, inferior (C3-C7) - allowing for flexion/ext and lateral flex/ext.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Typical Cervical vertebrae

A

(C3-C6), small flattened body, joint of Luschka - uncinate process and semi-lunar facet, short bifid S.P., articular pillar with IAP and SAP, facet of SAP faces Sup. Post. and Medial., facet of IAP faces Inf. Ant. and Lat., TP are short bifid with an Ant. tubercle - costal, and a Post. tubercle, these create a groove for the spinal nerves, transverse foramen transmit vertebral artery, IVF faces slight ant., slight inf and later.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

IVF Border of typical Cervical

A

IVD, adjacent vert. bodies, joint of Luschka, adjacent pedicles and zygapophyseal joint

19
Q

Atypical Cervical Vertebrae

A

Atlas, Axis and C7

20
Q

Atlas

A

no body present, ant. and post. arch instead, no spinous process, lare lateral masses where IAP and SAP extend from, widest vertebral neck, anterior arch has ant. tubercle exterior side and fovea dentalis on interal side, post arch has post. tubercle and sulcus for vertebral artery, SA facets are large, elongated and concave, larget vert. foramen

21
Q

Axis

A

has odontoid process = dens instead of body, allows for atlas to rotate around on axis, ant. facet of dens articulates with the fovea dentalis, post facet articulates with transverse ligament (cruciate ligament), SA facet is large and face sup., IA facet is oblique like typical cerv. vert., strongest and thickest cervical vertebrae, no uncinate processes but has semi-lunar facet, most deeply bifid SP of spine

22
Q

C7

A

transitional vertebrae, SP is long and sloping but not bifid, has one large tubercle on it, vertebral prominens - most easily palpated SP, joint of Luschka exits sup. but not inf. vestigal or absent ant. tubercle, IA facet are like thoracic region facing coronally.

23
Q

Occipitalization

A

C1 has partially or completely fused to C0

24
Q

Atlanto-Occipital ponticulum

A

narrow bridge or column bone that connects the atlas to the occiput

25
Q

Carotid tubercle

A

Ant. tubercle of TP on C6, longest of cervical spine and common carotid artery

26
Q

Thoracic Vertebrae

A

Typical (T2-T9), Atypical (T1, T10-T12)

27
Q

Typical Thoracic Vertebrae

A

(T2-T9) has body, heart shaped and is thicker dorsally creating kyphotic curve in spine at the region, sup. and inf. costovertebral demi-facets articulate with head of ribs, small circular vert. foramen, SAP extends from pedicle and IAP from the laminae, SA facet is post. in coronal and IA facet is ant. in coronal, TP large and sloped and has costotransverse facets, IVF oriented laterally, inf. notch > sup. notch, rib head is just ant to notch

28
Q

IVF Border of the Thoracic Vertebrae

A

sup. and inf. vert. notches, adjacent vert. bodies, IVD, zygapophyseal joint, rid head, demi-facets, adjacent pedicles

29
Q

Atypical

A

T1 - mostly resembles T segment, body resembles C vert., has a full costovertebral facet (for 1st rib) and a demi-facet, contributes to vertebral prominensT10- demi-facets for 10th ribs superior but none for 11thT11- large body and lumbar like, not heart shaped, complete CV facet for 11th rib, no costotransverse facet, SP is short and rectangularT12- same as T11 except IA facet faces laterally like lumbar, TP has 3 processes - Mamillay, Accesory Mamillary, and Lateral

30
Q

Lumbar Vertebrae

A

Typical (L1-L4) and Atypical (L5)

31
Q

Typical Lumber Vertebrae

A

largest moveable segments, large body in shape of kidney, vert. foramen is intermediate & triangular shaped, SP stout and rectangular (common site of spina bifida), facets of AP are in sagittal orientation, mamiallry process and accessory mamillary process, TP is long and slondor and points horizontal, largest IVF with larger Inf. notch than Sup., lateral recess!

32
Q

Atypical Lumbar Vertebrae

A

IA facets face anterior and lateral, body shortest and widest of all lumbars, small SP, common site for spondyloschisis, spondylolysis, spondylosynthesis

33
Q

spondyloschisis

A

fissure, cleft or split of the SP also known as spina bifida

34
Q

spondyloschisis

A

to dissolve or break apart at pars interarticularis

35
Q

spondylolysis

A

splitting/displacement of vertebrae from it normal alignment

36
Q

lumbarization

A

anomoly where the S1 if the sacrum does not fuse and remains another lumbar like vertebrae

37
Q

sacralization

A

anomoly where L5 or C1 are fused to the sacrum usually seen by having another dorsal and ventral foramen in the sacrum

38
Q

tropism

A

assymetry of facet planes within a segment

39
Q

causa equina

A

after the spinal nerve ends at L1 or L2 it turns into a multiple of many spinal nerve wrapped into one

40
Q

IVF Border of the Lumber Vertebrae

A

adjacent vert. bodies, IVD, pedicles, Vert. notches, Zygapophyseal joint and IAP and SAP

41
Q

Sacrum descriptors

A

linked with pelvic girdle via sacro-iliac joint, 5 fused segments forming wedge-shaped structures, specialized for transfer of weight and body through pelvis, concave anteriorly, from roof of pelvic cavity

42
Q

Sacrum Osteology

A

base, apex, sacral canal, sacral hiatus, sacral cornu, transverse lines, dorsal and ventral foramen, median intermediate and lateral sacral crests, pars lateralis, auricular surface, sacral tuberosity, SAP at base with facets facing post., promontory

43
Q

Coccyx

A

3-5 fused vertebrae, apex, base, cornucaudal vertebrae, no pedicles laminae vert. canal or SP TP AP IVF.

UWS Cards (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions