Deck 3 Flashcards
If terminal patient’s family is doing all ADLs educate them that
allowing the client as much control as possible maintains dignity and self respect
living will
A document that indicates what medical intervention an individual wants if he or she becomes incapable of expressing those wishes.
durable power of attorney
appoints an agent the person trusts to make decisions in the event of subsequent incapacity
postmortem care can involve care of…
the body
the family
other patients
oneself
postmortem care of the body
Prepare the body for discharge.
Place the body in anatomic position
replace dressings, and remove tubes (unless there is an autopsy scheduled).
Place identification tags on the body.
Follow local law if patient died of communicable disease
Postmortem Care of the Family
Listen to family’s expressions of grief, loss, and helplessness.
Offer solace and support by being an attentive listener.
Arrange for family members to view the body.
In the case of sudden death, provide a private place for family to begin grieving.
It is appropriate for the nurse to attend the funeral and make a follow-up visit to the family.
laxative overuse
chronic use of laxatives causes a weakening of the bowel’s expected response to distention from feces resulting in the development of chronic constipation
Macronutrients
Supply energy and build tissue
carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
Micronutrients
Regulate and control body processes
vitamins and minerals
Total Daily Energy Expenditure (TDEE)
all of the calories used to perform physical activity, maintain metabolism, and digest, absorb, and metabolize food in 24 hour period
What three nutrients provide calories?
carbs, protein, fat
What waist circumference puts someone at risk for central abdominal obesity?
Men 40 + inches
Women 35 + inches
Complete Proteins
a protein that contains sufficient essential amino acids to support growth
(Ex. Animal Proteins, soy, quinoa)
incomplete proteins
proteins that lack one or more of the essential amino acids
(Ex. Plant Proteins)
Saturated Fats
Raise cholesterol
(Ex: Animal Fats)
Limit to < 10% of daily calories
unsaturated fats
Lower Cholesterol levels
Ex: Vegetable fats
Lipids
fats in the diet
Triglycerides
predominant form of fat in food
major storage form of fat in the body
Cholesterol
fat-like substance found only in animal products
Vitamins
Organic compounds needed by the body in small amounts
do not provide calories (energy)
needed for metabolism of carbs, proteins, fats
parenteral nutrition
nourishment provided via IV therapy (central line)
contains three primary components to main nutrition: amino acids, carbs, lipids
highly concentrated, hypertonic
confirming NG tube placement
X-Ray
assessment of aspirate pH
Measurement of tube length and tube marking
Carbon dioxide monitoring
What is used for short term nutritional support vs. Long term nutritional support?
Short term - NG tube
Long term - Enterostomal tube - gastronomy or jejunostomy
Functions of Kidneys
Filters & excretes
maintains bodily fluid composition and volume
Urinary Bladder
temporary reservoir for urine
detrusor muscle (3 layers of muscle tissue)
Another word for urination (voiding)
micturition
Functions of the stomach
stores food
secretes digestive fluids
churns food to aid in digestion
functions of small intestine
(secretes enzymes that digest proteins and carbs)
digests and absorbs food into bloodstream
Large intestine
primary organ of bowel elimination
water absorption
formation of feces
expulsion of feces
colonoscopy
the direct visual examination of the rectum, colon, and bowel using a lighted scope
EGD (esophagogastroduodenoscopy)
visual examination of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum through an optic scope
UGI series
upper gastrointestinal series
fluoroscopic examination of esophagus, stomach, and small intestine after ingestion of barium sulfate
