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Board Certification > Deck 2 > Flashcards

Deck 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Who is an important figure in psychodynamic theory

A

Adler

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2
Q

3 keys aspects of psychodynamic theory

A

Feeling inferior is a driving force

We strive to be superior

Motivation is through social relatedness

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3
Q

Psychodynamic theory encourages you to do 3 things

A

Take responsibility for yourself

Live a purposeful life

Raise your consciousness (insight)

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4
Q

Psychodynamic theory exams these 2 things

A

Intrapersonal conflicts

Birth order

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5
Q

3 important figures in Existential theory

A

Frankl
May
Yalom

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6
Q

Key aspects of Existential theory

A

Human existence

Choice

Freedom and responsibility

The being and the world are inseparable

Logotherapy

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7
Q

Logotherapy

A

A concept from existential theory

It means therapy through meaning

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8
Q

The important figure of Person Centered theory

A

Rogers

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9
Q

Key aspects of Person Centered theory

A

Unconditional positive regard

Relationship

Genuineness

Accurate empathy

Self-actualization

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10
Q

Motivational Interviewing is associated with which theory

A

Person Centered

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11
Q

The important figure in Humanistic theory is

A

Maslow

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12
Q

Important figure in Gestalt and Experiential theory

A

Perls

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13
Q

Key concepts of Gestalt and Experiential

A

Bring completion to our needs

The process of forming wholeness (Gestalt)

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14
Q

How is Gestalt/Experiential theory different from Psychoanalytic

A

It focuses on the present, not the past

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15
Q

Describe the client-therapist relationship in Gestalt/Experiential therapy

A

Empathy

Dialogue

Challenging

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16
Q

Important figure in Behavior Theory

A

Skinner

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17
Q

9 Key aspects of Behavior Theory

A

Operant conditioning (behaviors are influenced by their consequences)

Social learning (people are capable of change)

The 3 Cs: counter conditioning, contingency management, and cognitive behavior modification.

The ABC model of behavior analysis

Assertiveness training

Social skills training

Communication skills training

Token economy

DBT

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18
Q

The ABC model of Behavior theory

A

Antecedent

Behavior

Consequences

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19
Q

important figure in Cognitive Theory

A

Ellis

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20
Q

Key concepts in Cognitive Theory

A

Irrational beliefs that occur in response to some triggering event that leads to negative emotions, anxiety, or depression

Rigid dogmatic demands

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21
Q

In Cognitive theory, some of the ways people think are

A 
Catastrophizing
Over generalizing 
Selective abstration
Excessive responsibility 
Self references 
Dichotomous thinking
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22
Q

Mindfulness therapy
and
Acceptance and Commitment therapy are associated with which theory?

A

Cognitive

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23
Q

Interpersonal therapy key concepts

A

The quality of attachment in early life bears on the quality of interpersonal relationships later.

Psychiatric disorders happen in the context of interpersonal stuff

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24
Q

Interpersonal therapy has a large EBP base for ___ and it has these features

A

depression

Time-limited, interpersonally focused, relationship focused

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25
Q

Interpersonal therapy is based on ideas from these other two theorists

A

Sullivan

and Bowlby (Attachment)

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26
Q

Exposure and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)

A

It focuses more on psychopathology and less on personality, concerned with process and facilitating change.

Directly confronting fearful stimuli and the distressing emotions

Information processing system is blocked by trauma

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27
Q

Key figure of Systems Theory

A

Satir

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28
Q

Key aspect of Systems theory

A

Individuals can only be understood within their social context

Boundaries vs Fusion (no boundaries)

Homeostasis

Differentiation of self

Triangles (more stable relationships)

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29
Q

Solution-focused brief therapy

A

People are healthy, competent, and capable of solutions

Focus is on solution, not talking about the problem

Therapy is brief.

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30
Q

Summary of Peplau’s theory of interpersonal relations

A

All behavior is purposeful and goal seeking. Humans act on the basis of the meaning of events.

Health = Personality and other human processes moving toward creative/productive community living.

The nurse-patient relationship is important. When the nurse and/or patient feels the same emotion, it’s called reframing empathic linkages.

The nurse-patient goes through 4 phases.

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31
Q

In behavioral theory, the 3 C’s are

A

counter conditioning, contingency management, and cognitive behavior modification.

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32
Q

According to Peplau, what are the 4 phases of the nurse-patient relationship

A

Orientation
Working
Exploitive
Termination (which is when the patient is self-reliant)

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33
Q

Peplau’s Interpersonal Nursing Roles: Stranger Role

A

Provides an accepting climate that builds trust

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34
Q

Peplau’s Interpersonal Nursing Roles: Resource Role

A

Gives information/interprets data

35
Q

Peplau’s Interpersonal Nursing Roles: Teaching role

A

Gives instructions/training

36
Q

Peplau’s Interpersonal Nursing Roles: Counseling role

A

Helps you understand the current situation and gives encouragement

37
Q

Peplau’s Interpersonal Nursing Roles: Surrogate role

A

Advocates for you and also clarifies dependence, independence, interdependence

38
Q

Peplau’s Interpersonal Nursing Roles: Active leadership role

A

Helps you assume responsibility for meeting goals

39
Q

Peplau’s Interpersonal Nursing Roles: Technical expert

A

Providing you with physical care

40
Q

Erikson: Trust vs. Mistrust

A

0 to 1 year

Virtue is Hope

Depression, Substance abuse, Psychosis

41
Q

Erikson: Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt

A

1 to 3 years

Will

Paranoia, obsessions, compulsions, impulsivity

42
Q

Erikson: Initiative vs guilt

A

3 to 6

Purpose

Conversion disorder, psychosomatic, phobia

43
Q

Erikson: Industry vs. Inferiority

A

6 to 11

Competence

Creative inhibition, inertia

44
Q

Erikson: Identity vs. Role Confusion

A

12 to 20

Fidelity

Delinquency, gender disorder, borderline, psychosis

45
Q

Erikson: Intimacy vs. Isolation

A

21 to 40

Love

Schizoid personality

46
Q

Erikson: Generative vs Stagnation

A

40 to 60

Care

Mid life crisis

47
Q

Erikson: Ego integrity vs Despair

A

65 and up

Wisdom

Alienation, despair

48
Q

Erikson: Trust vs Mistrust, tasks

A

Learning that your parents are reliable

49
Q

Erikson: Autonomy vs Shame, tasks

A

Child needs to learn to explore the world.

This becomes a negative experience if the parents are too smothering or too neglectful

50
Q

Erikson: Initiative vs guilt, tasks

A

Can the child do things on their own, like dress yourself?

If he feels guilty about making his own choices, he won’t function well

51
Q

Erikson: Industry vs Inferiority, tasks

A

Child compares himself to other kids

52
Q

Erikson: Identity vs Role Confusion, tasks

A

Ask yourself, who am I?

53
Q

Erikson: Intimacy vs Isolation, tasks

A

forming relationships

54
Q

Erikson: Generative vs Stagnation tasks

A

Guiding the next generation

55
Q

Erikson: Ego vs Despair tasks

A

Being at peace with what’s happened in life

56
Q

Piaget’s theory is basically about

A

How child think and acquire knowledge

57
Q

Kohlberg’s theory was about

A

Kids’ moral reasoning, and it’s linked to Piaget’s theories

58
Q

Piaget- 0 to 2 is

A

Sensorimotor

59
Q

Piaget: Sensorimotor stage

A

0 to 2

Mental symbols and words develop

Learn through the senses

Learn object permanence

Differentiate yourself from the world

60
Q

Piaget: 2 to 7 is

A

Preoperational thought

61
Q

Piaget: Preoperational thought

A

Known as the Intuitive Phase

Egocentric

Events aren’t linked by logic

Phenomenalistic causality “Magical Thinking” (for example, bad thoughts cause accidents)

Concepts are primitive

Animistic thinking (thinking objects have feelings)

Learning without reasoning

More use of symbols and language

No abstract concepts

Immanent justice

Concrete understanding of good and bad

62
Q

Piaget: 7 to 11

A

Concrete operations

63
Q

Piaget: Concrete Operations

A

Able to see things from someone else’s perspective

Syllogistic reasoning (a logical conclusion based on 2 premises)

Ability to reason and follow rules

Develops a moral sense

64
Q

Piaget: Formal Operations

A

Deductive reasoning

Abstract thinking

Able to deal with variations

65
Q

Kohlberg’s Moral Development: Preconventional infancy (0 to 2)

A

Obedience/punishment. This right thing to do is whatever avoids punishment

66
Q

Kohlberg’s Moral Development: Preschool period preconvential (2 to 7)

A

Moral code is based on avoiding punishment and striving for reward

67
Q

Kohlberg’s Moral Development: Conventional Morality (7 to 11)

A

Based on authority and societal norms

Beginning to think of others (The Golden Rule)

68
Q

Kohlberg’s Moral Development: Principled Morality

A

Less about societal norms and more so about internalized principles.

Begins to see there are different values and opinions

69
Q

Who thought of Attachment Theory

A

Bowlby and Ainsworth both had Attachment Theories

70
Q

Bowlby’s Attachment theory: purpose of attachment is to

A

Build your identity

Establish a secure base from which you can explore

Ensure closeness

Deal with stress

71
Q

Bowlby’s Attachment theory: Predictable attachment behaviors that promote survival

A

crying, smiling, following mother

72
Q

Bowlby’s Attachment theory: Problematic attachment can be due to

A

Deficient maternal care (mentally ill mother, child institutionalized for a long time, mother dies)

73
Q

Bowlby’s Attachment theory: Attachment disorders are linked to:

A 
Nonorganic failure to thrive
Separation anxiety disorder
Avoidant personality disorder
Depression
Delinquency 
Stupidity
74
Q

Ainsworth’s 3 types of insecure attachment

A

Insecure-Avoidant

Insecure-Ambivalent

Insecure-Disorganized

75
Q

Insecure-Avoidant Attachment

A

Parents are abrupt or aggressive

Child avoids direct approach to parents when threatened

76
Q

Insecure-ambivalent attachment

A

Clings to inconsistent parents

Has trouble exploring

77
Q

Insecure-disorganized attachment

A

Emotionally absent parents

Child acts bizarrely when threatened

78
Q

Freud’s 5 stages

A 
Oral
Anal
Phallic
Latency
Genital
79
Q

Oral Stage

A

0 to 1

Fixation causes you to be passive, gullible, immature, or manipulative

80
Q

Anal Stage

A

1 to 3 years

Anal retentive: Obsessively organized, excessively neat

Anal expulsive: Reckless, careless, defiant, disorganized

81
Q

Phallic Stage

A

3 to 6 years

Oedipus complex (boys and girls, according to Freud)

Electra complex (girls, according to Jung)

82
Q

Freud’s Latency Stage

A

6 years to puberty

Fixation causes Sexual unfulfillment

83
Q

Genital Stage

A

Puberty to death

Mature sexual interests.

Problems in this stage are sexual dysfunction and unsatisfactory relationships

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