deck 12 Flashcards
If a patient has rheumatic fever, splinter hemorrhages and slowly developing illness, what might they possibly have? What organism might they have?
bacteremia/endocarditisstreptococcus bovis
T-F–streptococcus bovis is not found as normal flora in the human?
False
T-F—streptococcus bovis is found as normal flora on our skin?
False–GI tract
Is Strep bovis beta hemolytic?
No–non hemolytic or alpha hemolytic
T-F–strep bovis causes gastrointestinal malignancy?
False–its actually not known whether or not it causes it or grows more heavily as a result of it.
What percent of persons with colon polyps/colon cancer have S. bovis in the colon?
56%
T-F–colon cancer patients have much higher percentages of enterococci than S. Bovis?
False–opposite is true.
Why might s. bovis be found more in malignancies than enterococci?
increased virulence in comparison.
What is S. bovis endocarditis characterized by?
large destructive lesions
In the patient with S. bovis, what does the physician need to do for treatment?
antibiotics/supportive careTEST FOR COLON CANCER!!!
What bacteria is characterized by alpha hemolytic, catalase negative, optochin sensitive diplococci?
strep pneumoniae
What are the key virulence factors of strep pneumoniae? [3]
- 85 serotypes of antiphagocytic polysacch. capsules-pneumolysin-IgA1 protease
How is strep pneumoniae transmitted?
droplet infection
T-F—s. pneumoniae is the number one cause of pneumonia?
True
What does s. pneumoniae need to combine with to be the most common cause of otitis media?
Haemophilus influenza
What is the most common cause of meningitis?
strep. pneumoniae
In the case of meningitis for strep pneumoniae what is the fatality rate reduced by?
anti-inflammatory corticosteroids with antibiotics.[THIS DISEASE IS HIGHLY INFLAMMATORY]
How can be prevent strep pneumoniae infections?
vaccinations against capsules
What are the percentages of meningitis causes in neonates in the following infections?-Group B strep-E. coli-Listeria monoctogenes-Strep pneumoniae, Neisseria
- 40%-40%-10%-10%
What is the most common cause of meningitis in young children 3 mo to 7 years?
Haemophilus influenza type b in unvaccinated children only
What are the 2 most common causes of meningitis in older individuals?
strep pneumoniaeneisseria meningitidis
What hemolysis category is viridans streptococci usually in? where is it found?
alpha-hemolyticnormal flora of throat
What cause dental caries?
strep mutans
How does the strep cause caries?
makes dextran polymer from sucrose metabolism and then demineralizes teeth from acid production
Strep mutans are what type of anaerobes?
aerotolerant
What percentage of infection endocarditis is caused by veridans streptococci? When does this normally occur?
35%- normally occurs in persons with pre-existing myocardial damage
T-F—enterococci used to be classified as streptococci?
True
What two enterococci are potentially highly antibiotic resistant even to vancomycin?
E. faecalisE. Faecium
What type of aerobe/anaerobe is enterococci?
aerotolerant anaerobes[but can persist in nature for extended periods of time]
What hemolysis groups are enterococci?
non or Beta hemolysis due to cytolysin
Why do many strains of enterococci aggregate?
large molecular weight surface protein called aggregation substance binds to lipoteichoic acid
What 3 bacterias aggregate to cause human disease?
staph aureusvirdans strepenterococci
In what people does enterococci cause disease?
immune compromised and in elderly
What pathogen is sometimes called the end of life pathogen?
enterococci
What major things does enterococci cause?
UTIsepsis15% of infective endocarditis
What is the major cause of infectious endocarditis? percentages?
staph aureus 45%Viridans strep 35%Enterococcus faecalis and faecium 15%
T-F–enterococci can transfer antibiotic resistance to other gram positive bacteria?
True
What is the management protocol for infectious endocarditis?
antibioticssupportive carevalve replacementmanage other complications like stroke
