Deception Flashcards
DePaulo et al 1996, lying in every day life
college students said they lie in 2 out of 3 exchanges. why? to protect privacy/ others/ self/ make them feel good/ avoid feeling bad/ avoid conflict
deception is interactional: both deceiver’s and detector’s goals, expectations, and knowledge have an impact on their thoughts and behaviours as the interaction unfolds.
Interpersonal deception theory
Elliot 1979- high self monitors riggio and friedman 1983 - people skilled at communicating basic emotion Riggio tucker and widaman 1987- people more extroverted, dominant, non- anxious, and exhibitionistic Zuckerman 1981- males are better at not being detected, and females tend to restrict non-verbal behaviour
Who is better at detection?
1)”he wouldn’t lie to me” 2) “I’d know if he was lying”
examples of buller and burgoon 1996 truth/lie bias
Factors influencing detection- DePaulo 1985
people tend to perceive others as deceptive when they gaze less, smile less, shift posture more, speak slowly, take a long time to answer -some differences might lead to prediction in some to be more suspicious of more trusting- could lead to less accuracy Buller and burgoon 1996- truth/ lie bias
Which lies are easier to get away with?
prepared lies
shorter lies
lies about feelings rather than facts
Deception strives for persuasive ends - it attempts to influence beliefs, attitudes, and behaviours through message distortion
Miller and stiff 1993, deception definition
Miller and stiff 1993, deception definition
Deception strives for persuasive ends - it attempts to influence beliefs, attitudes, and behaviours through message distortion
strategic deception
manipulate/ withhold information; control behaviour; manage image
do some situations make deception more difficult?
depends on motivation- if there are more serious consequences then deception can be more difficult
interpersonal suspicion can affect deceiver and detector- if you think you are suspected or if you think they suspect that you suspect them etc
Role of suspicion-
Zuckerman and driver 1985, four factor model
- seeks to explain why people behave differently when lying
1) arousal- usually found in sociopaths, can lead to speech errors, eye blinking, leg movement
2) attempted control- preparing to be interrogated, less accurate detection if watching heads and faces compared to watching bodies.
3) felt emotions- less facial pleasantness because deceptive behaviour is associated with negative emotions. some liars may experience delight at success with deception
4) cognitive factors- lying requires more rethinking than telling the truth, longer response times, less detail in message
some behaviours may ‘leak out’ e.g. blinks, pupil dilation, less smiling
Non-strategic deception
we are better at judging truths than we are at judging lies - people report telling very few lies in everyday situations
Veracity effect- levine et al 1999
- seeks to explain why people behave differently when lying
1) arousal- usually found in sociopaths, can lead to speech errors, eye blinking, leg movement
2) attempted control- preparing to be interrogated, less accurate detection if watching heads and faces compared to watching bodies.
3) felt emotions- less facial pleasantness because deceptive behaviour is associated with negative emotions. some liars may experience delight at success with deception
4) cognitive factors- lying requires more rethinking than telling the truth, longer response times, less detail in message
Zuckerman and driver 1985, four factor model
