Deception Flashcards
DePaulo et al 1996, lying in every day life
college students said they lie in 2 out of 3 exchanges. why? to protect privacy/ others/ self/ make them feel good/ avoid feeling bad/ avoid conflict
deception is interactional: both deceiver’s and detector’s goals, expectations, and knowledge have an impact on their thoughts and behaviours as the interaction unfolds.
Interpersonal deception theory
Elliot 1979- high self monitors riggio and friedman 1983 - people skilled at communicating basic emotion Riggio tucker and widaman 1987- people more extroverted, dominant, non- anxious, and exhibitionistic Zuckerman 1981- males are better at not being detected, and females tend to restrict non-verbal behaviour
Who is better at detection?
1)”he wouldn’t lie to me” 2) “I’d know if he was lying”
examples of buller and burgoon 1996 truth/lie bias
Factors influencing detection- DePaulo 1985
people tend to perceive others as deceptive when they gaze less, smile less, shift posture more, speak slowly, take a long time to answer -some differences might lead to prediction in some to be more suspicious of more trusting- could lead to less accuracy Buller and burgoon 1996- truth/ lie bias
Which lies are easier to get away with?
prepared lies
shorter lies
lies about feelings rather than facts
Deception strives for persuasive ends - it attempts to influence beliefs, attitudes, and behaviours through message distortion
Miller and stiff 1993, deception definition
Miller and stiff 1993, deception definition
Deception strives for persuasive ends - it attempts to influence beliefs, attitudes, and behaviours through message distortion
strategic deception
manipulate/ withhold information; control behaviour; manage image
do some situations make deception more difficult?
depends on motivation- if there are more serious consequences then deception can be more difficult
interpersonal suspicion can affect deceiver and detector- if you think you are suspected or if you think they suspect that you suspect them etc
Role of suspicion-
Zuckerman and driver 1985, four factor model
- seeks to explain why people behave differently when lying
1) arousal- usually found in sociopaths, can lead to speech errors, eye blinking, leg movement
2) attempted control- preparing to be interrogated, less accurate detection if watching heads and faces compared to watching bodies.
3) felt emotions- less facial pleasantness because deceptive behaviour is associated with negative emotions. some liars may experience delight at success with deception
4) cognitive factors- lying requires more rethinking than telling the truth, longer response times, less detail in message
some behaviours may ‘leak out’ e.g. blinks, pupil dilation, less smiling
Non-strategic deception
we are better at judging truths than we are at judging lies - people report telling very few lies in everyday situations
Veracity effect- levine et al 1999
- seeks to explain why people behave differently when lying
1) arousal- usually found in sociopaths, can lead to speech errors, eye blinking, leg movement
2) attempted control- preparing to be interrogated, less accurate detection if watching heads and faces compared to watching bodies.
3) felt emotions- less facial pleasantness because deceptive behaviour is associated with negative emotions. some liars may experience delight at success with deception
4) cognitive factors- lying requires more rethinking than telling the truth, longer response times, less detail in message
Zuckerman and driver 1985, four factor model
prepared lies
shorter lies
lies about feelings rather than facts
Which lies are easier to get away with?
college students said they lie in 2 out of 3 exchanges. why? to protect privacy/ others/ self/ make them feel good/ avoid feeling bad/ avoid conflict
DePaulo et al 1996, lying in every day life
Who is better at detection?
Elliot 1979- high self monitors
riggio and friedman 1983 - people skilled at communicating basic emotion
Riggio tucker and widaman 1987- people more extroverted, dominant, non- anxious, and exhibitionistic
Zuckerman 1981- males are better at not being detected, and females tend to restrict non-verbal behaviour
Veracity effect- levine et al 1999
we are better at judging truths than we are at judging lies - people report telling very few lies in everyday situations
depends on motivation- if there are more serious consequences then deception can be more difficult
do some situations make deception more difficult?
manipulate/ withhold information; control behaviour; manage image
strategic deception
examples of buller and burgoon 1996 truth/lie bias
1)”he wouldn’t lie to me” 2) “I’d know if he was lying”
Role of suspicion-
interpersonal suspicion can affect deceiver and detector- if you think you are suspected or if you think they suspect that you suspect them etc
Non-strategic deception
some behaviours may ‘leak out’ e.g. blinks, pupil dilation, less smiling
people tend to perceive others as deceptive when they gaze less, smile less, shift posture more, speak slowly, take a long time to answer
-some differences might lead to prediction in some to be more suspicious of more trusting- could lead to less accuracy Buller and burgoon 1996- truth/ lie bias
Factors influencing detection- DePaulo 1985
Interpersonal deception theory
deception is interactional: both deceiver’s and detector’s goals, expectations, and knowledge have an impact on their thoughts and behaviours as the interaction unfolds.
