Decentralization 2.0

Question 1

4 rationales why decentralization is popular amongst policy makers

Answer 1

CSPE

1. Civic rationale
   Stimulates citizen participation and empowers them
2. Social rationale
   Is good for the well-being of communities, they can implement local leadership.
   Helps integrate public services.
3. Political rationale
   Leaders operate more closely to the population, is more politically effective
4. Economic rationale
   Efficiency gains, might be cheaper to decentralize

Question 2

Benefits fiscal decentralization

Answer 2

CLAMP

Competition among local governments favors innovation

Lower planning and administration cost

Acknowledging regional differences

More efficient politics as citizens have more influence

Population mobility narrow the gap between local government policy and local communities preferences

Question 3

Enabling state
(Peters & Pierre)

Answer 3

Governments primary role is not to control and regulate all aspects of society, but to empower and enable individuals and organization to persue their own goals

Emphasis on market mechanisms, entrepreneurship, and individual agency

Question 4

New governance
(Lowdnes)

Answer 4

Citizens have a more active role, fading of boundaries of public, private, state and market

Question 5

Small scale governance
(Lowdnes)

Answer 5

Characterized by participation and responsiveness

Question 6

Large scale governance
(Lowdnes)

Answer 6

Characterized by efficiency and equality

Question 7

Challenges for decentralization in neighborhood governance
(Lowdnes)

Answer 7

CCDE

1. Capacity
   Trade-off between extent of participation and the scope of control
2. Competence
   Trade-off between accessibility and competence
3. Diversity
   Trade-off between cohesion and pluralism (greater likelihood that a single interest will dominate)
4. Equity (differentiation of public services across areas)
   Trade-off between local choice and equity

Question 8

New public health policies
(Singleton)

Answer 8

Eye for individuality and local solutions for a diverse population
Three-way partnership between individuals, local organizations and government

Question 9

Dilemmas deriving from involving informal care givers
(Singleton)

Answer 9

1. Quality of life vs quality of care
2. Professionalization vs deprofessionalization
3. Individual responsibilty vs solidarity