DC4H Beef Flashcards Deck 1
1
Q
1. The Red Angus breed of cattle possess the same qualities for which Black Angus are known and the only difference is that they are red in color. - BF 2
A
TRUE
2
Q
- When looking at the hind legs from the rear, a steer that is cow hocked will have hocks that are turned inward or are placed too close together, causing the toes to turn outward. - BF 2
A
TRUE
3
Q
- Calf kneed is an undesirable structural condition in cattle that is the opposite of buck kneed. If a calf is calf kneed, it stands “back at the knees” when viewed from the side. - BF 2
A
TRUE
4
Q
- In a postlegged calf, its hock has too little angle or set. The calf is too straight through the joint, resulting is very stiff, restricted movement. - BF 2
A
TRUE
5
Q
- More cattle become unsound because of being sickle hocked than being postlegged. - BF 2
A
FALSE
6
Q
- Structural correctness is emphasized more in market cattle than in breeding cattle. - BF 2
A
FALSE
7
Q
- Animals that are more structurally correct will be better able to withstand the rigors of pasture conditions and thus increase their odds of being productive for longer periods of time. - BF 2
A
TRUE
8
Q
- When evaluating market cattle, traits that contribute to productivity and longevity must be emphasized. - BF 2
A
FALSE
9
Q
- Frame size and structural correctness are examined when evaluating breeding cattle, but to a slightly lesser degree than in market cattle. - BF 2
A
FALSE
10
Q
- The primary function of market animals is meat production. Therefore, traits such as muscling and finish are emphasized. - BF 2
A
TRUE
11
Q
- Cattle masculinity is exhibited by a long, refined head that is sharp about the poll. Ideally, males should possess a long, trim neck and be smooth about the shoulders. - BF 2
A
FALSE
12
Q
- Finish is not a priority when evaluating feeder calves. - BF 2
A
TRUE
13
Q
- Excessive fat on feeder calves can indicate a larger frame size. - BF 2
A
FALSE
14
Q
- To properly determine the frame score in beef cattle, the hip measurement should be taken at a point directly over the hip bones (hooks) with the animal standing on a level surface. - BF 2
A
TRUE
15
Q
- A feeder calf grade of L-4 indicates a feeder calf with a large frame and heavily muscled. - BF 2
A
FALSE
16
Q
- A feeder calf with a grade of S-1 indicates an unthrifty calf with little muscling. - BF 2
A
FALSE
17
Q
- Barbed wire could be used as a top strand for a fence for cattle, but not as the primary fencing system. - BF 3
A
TRUE
18
Q
- Pay special attention to first-calf heifers; keep them next to a barn to check for calving problems. - BF 3
A
TRUE
19
Q
- A cow’s nutrient requirement decreases after calving. - BF 3
A
FALSE
20
Q
- If you keep a beef calf’s head up and its nose under control, the rest will follow. - BF 3
A
TRUE
21
Q
- When training your project animal, it is best to work with your calf infrequently for long periods of time each training session. - BF 3
A
FALSE
22
Q
- Beef cattle are partially color blind and have poor depth perception. - BF 4
A
TRUE
23
Q
- Mature cows are generally resistant to worms. - BF 5
A
TRUE
24
Q
- Vaccines are usually made from the organism that causes the disease. - BF 5
A
TRUE
25
Q
- With beef cattle you should start and end the breeding season at the same time every year. - BF 6
A
TRUE
26
Q
- The heifer’s age is more important than her size in determining when to breed her. - BF 6
A
FALSE
27
Q
- For optimum performance, you want a beef heifer to calve by the time she is one year old. - BF 6
A
FALSE
28
Q
- The scrotum regulates the temperature of the sperm in the testicles. - BF 6
A
TRUE
29
Q
- A two-year old beef heifer will return to heat after calving faster than a mature cow. - BF 6
A
FALSE
30
Q
- The period of time from calving to the first heat is called the postpartum interval. - BF 6
A
TRUE
31
Q
- Heifers need the highest quality and largest quantity of feed before calving. - BF 6
A
FALSE
32
Q
- Calves that need help during birth are just as likely to live as calves that are born unassisted. - BF 6
A
FALSE
33
Q
- Differences between animals are a result of two factors: heredity (genetics) and environment. - BF 6
A
TRUE
34
Q
- No offspring can be genetically superior to the average of their parents. - BF 6
A
FALSE
35
Q
- A good crossbreeding program for cattle can increase the overall performance of offspring. - BF 6
A
TRUE
36
Q
- High birth weights in calves is always good. - BF 6
A
FALSE
37
Q
- One of the best ways to make genetic improvement in a beef cattle herd is through replacement heifer selection. - BF 6
A
FALSE
38
Q
- Steers that have access to warm drinking water will gain .3 - .4 pounds more per day than those drinking cool water. - BF 7
A
FALSE
39
Q
- Limitations on water intake can depress cattle performance more quickly and more drastically than any other nutrient deficiency. - BF 7
A
TRUE
40
Q
- Water is found in every cell in the body of a cow. - BF 7
A
TRUE
41
Q
- Salt is the main source of sodium in a cow’s diet. - BF 7
A
TRUE
42
Q
- Most feeds generally do not contain adequate amounts of salt needed for beef cattle. - BF 7
A
TRUE
43
Q
- Phosphorus is often deficient in forage diets for beef cattle. - BF 7
A
TRUE
44
Q
- If a feed contains a medication that does not have a withdrawal time, the feed is not required to have a precautionary statement. - BF 7
A
TRUE
45
Q
- The list of ingredients on a beef cattle feed label starts with the ingredient with the lowest concentration and then to the highest. - BF 7
A
FALSE
46
Q
- Conception rates are higher on the third estrus compared to the first. - BF 7
A
TRUE
47
Q
- For proper development heifers should be maintained separate from the cow herd. - BF 7
A
TRUE
48
Q
- Fat heifers normally have higher than average reproductive rates. - BF 7
A
FALSE
49
Q
- Calves may be started on creep feed at three to four months of age and continue until they are weaned. -BF 7
A
TRUE
50
Q
- Marbling in beef cattle is the first fat to be deposited on the cattle. - BF 8
A
FALSE
51
Q
- Less than half the live weight of beef cattle is sold as retail cuts. - BF 8
A
TRUE
52
Q
- Inedible by-products from cattle can be used to make insulin for humans. - BF 8
A
TRUE
53
Q
- Inedible by-products from cattle can be used in hydraulic brake fluid. - BF 8
A
TRUE
54
Q
- Humans can digest the same vegetation that cattle eat. - BF 8
A
FALSE
55
Q
- Beef cattle should be washed weekly, starting several weeks before the show. - BF 9
A
TRUE
56
Q
- When halter breaking a beef calf, let the calf drag the halter lead for a few days prior to tying for the first time. - BF 9
A
TRUE
57
Q
- When tying up cattle, tie below eye level about twelve inches from post. - BF 9
A
FALSE
58
Q
- Ringworm spreads rapidly on the body, to other cattle, and people. - BF 9
A
TRUE
59
Q
- Washing cattle hair twice a week is best. - BF 9
A
FALSE
60
Q
- Bedding beef cattle in a dark place during the day shortens day length and promotes a hair growing metabolism in the animal. - BF 9
A
TRUE
61
Q
- Brushing slows hair growth in beef cattle. - BF 9
A
FALSE
62
Q
- When clipping cattle clip with the natural direction of the hair pattern. - BF 9
A
FALSE
63
Q
- When clipping cattle leave most of the hair on the ear. - BF 9
A
TRUE
64
Q
- Cattle hair is usually trimmed in a downward and backward motion. - BF 9
A
FALSE
65
Q
- Show cattle should have their feet trimmed weekly. - BF 9
A
FALSE
66
Q
- All cattle should be shown with their tails up or bobbed. - BF 9
A
FALSE
67
Q
- When leading cattle wrap the halter strap around your hand for better control. - BF 9
A
FALSE
68
Q
- It is easier for cattle to put a foot forward than back. - BF 9
A
FALSE
69
Q
- When the judge is looking at the rear and front view of cattle the feet should be set square. - BF 9
A
TRUE
70
Q
- It is good to help the exhibitor in front of you, if they are having trouble, by tapping the calf. - BF 9
A
TRUE
71
Q
- When positions are switched in the ring at a cattle show you should pass back through the same hole that you left to the proper position. - BF 9
A
TRUE
72
Q
- To moderate stress from change, transport the cattle in early morning or late afternoon. - BF 9
A
TRUE
73
Q
- Marbling is the energy store that is closest to the muscle cell and is first to be used when there is an energy shortage in beef cattle. - BF 10
A
TRUE
74
Q
- The incidences of dark cutting in beef cattle are higher during hot weather in July-October. - BF 10
A
TRUE
75
Q
- All chemical substances will leave a beef cattle carcass within two months. - BF 10
A
FALSE
76
Q
- Dairy beef are well adapt at producing meat with a high lean to fat ratio that still maintains its tenderness and flavor compared to beef cattle. - BF 11
A
TRUE
77
Q
- If possible, purchase calves on the day of weaning. - BF 11
A
FALSE
78
Q
- The small framed breeds of dairy beef cattle often gain better than the large framed breeds. - BF 11
A
FALSE
79
Q
- It is recommended that young dairy calves be raised in individual hutches. - BF 11
A
TRUE
80
Q
- All male cattle intended for meat production should be castrated. - BF 11
A
TRUE
81
Q
- A cold, dry, well-ventilated environment for calves is preferred over a warm and damp environment to help prevent disease. - BF 11
A
TRUE
82
Q
- When a calf is born, it has little or no immunity. - BF 11
A
TRUE
83
Q
- Dairy steers require more energy than beef steers. - BF 11
A
TRUE
84
Q
- Beef steers typically have a higher average daily gain than dairy steers during the feeding period. - BF 11
A
FALSE
85
Q
- Stroking the under line of your dairy beef with the show stick will help to keep it content. - BF 11
A
TRUE
86
Q
- Dairy steers will usually not produce an acceptable carcass beyond eighteen months of age. - BF 11
A
TRUE
87
Q
- You can use the extra dose of an over-the-counter product the vet gave your neighbor on your cattle with the same symptoms? - BF 12
A
FALSE
88
Q
- Tenting is another name for lifting the loose skin of beef cattle for subcutaneous injections. - BF 12
A
TRUE
89
Q
- You should keep a manure management record. - BF 13
A
TRUE
90
Q
- In many animal science occupations the highest salaries go to those with the most education. - BF 15
A
TRUE
91
Q
- When a cow has dystocia, it has calving problems. - BF 6
A
TRUE
92
Q
- True or False: Cattle are ruminant animals. - BF 7
A
TRUE
93
Q
- True or False: Cattle can eat lower quality feed due to their ruminant stomach. - BF 7
A
TRUE
94
Q
- True or False: A ruminant only needs to be fed three times a week. - BF 7
A
FALSE
95
Q
- True or False: The rumen is a “honeycomb” type structure. - BF 7
A
FALSE
96
Q
- True or False: The Omasum is also called the “manyplies” because it has folds and helps digest feed and squeezes out water. - BF 7
A
TRUE
97
Q
- True or False: Water is found in EVERY cell in the body. - BF 7
A
TRUE
98
Q
- True or False: Hearing loss can occur with lack of water. - BF 7
A
TRUE
99
Q
- True or False: An animal’s sight may be impaired without the intake of water. - BF 7
A
TRUE
100
Q
- True or False: Cattle will drink around 20 gallons of water a day depending on the environment. - BF 7
A
TRUE
101
Q
- True or False: A steer that has access to cool water will gain more weight than those drinking warm water. -BF 7
A
TRUE
102
Q
- True or False: Most of beef cattle’s energy comes from carbohydrates and fats. - BF 7
A
TRUE
103
Q
- True or False: A cow can lick ice in the winter if it needs water therefore you do not need to fill it daily. - BF 7
A
FALSE
104
Q
- True or False: Without protein beef cattle will not build muscle. - BF 7
A
TRUE
105
Q
- True or False: Amino acids are the small building blocks of proteins. - BF 7
A
TRUE
106
Q
- True or False: Rice and corn are high in protein. - BF 7
A
FALSE
107
Q
- True or False: Urea is suited for cattle of all ages. - BF 7
A
FALSE
108
Q
- True or False: Calves must be at least four months old before they may have urea. - BF 7
A
TRUE
109
Q
- True or False: Animals over 800 pounds generally gain more efficiently on natural protein sources. - BF 7
A
FALSE
110
Q
- True or False: Minerals are not necessary but do benefit your animal if you choose to feed them. - BF 7
A
FALSE
111
Q
- True or False: Calcium and magnesium must be balanced in larger amounts - BF 7
A
FALSE
112
Q
- True or False: Salt, calcium, and phosphorus may be needed in larger amounts so may be put directly into the ration. - BF 7
A
TRUE
113
Q
- True or False: Trace minerals are so small in amount they are not needed in the diet. - BF 7
A
FALSE
114
Q
- True or False: Humans do not need trace minerals. - BF 7
A
FALSE
115
Q
- True or False: Beef provide humans with trace minerals. - BF 7
A
TRUE
116
Q
- True or False: Cattle confined in a drylot do not require mineral mixtures. - BF 7
A
FALSE
117
Q
- True or False: A milking cow or one late in gestation should have a magnesium supplement offered to avoid grass tetany. - BF 7
A
TRUE
118
Q
- True or False: Grass tetany and grass staggers are the same thing. - BF 7
A
TRUE
119
Q
- True or False: Grass tetany and Magnesium tetany are caused by the same deficiency. - BF 7
A
TRUE
120
Q
- True or False: Salt is a palpable carrier of minerals. - BF 7
A
TRUE
121
Q
- True or False: A mineral mix must be 65 percent salt in order to be offered free choice. - BF 7
A
FALSE
122
Q
- True or False: By mixing in other products to a mineral mix you can make it more tasteful. - BF 7
A
TRUE
123
Q
- True or False: A lack of calcium can lead to bowing of the legs also known as “rickets”. - BF 7
A
TRUE
124
Q
- True or False: Copper is a trace mineral. - BF 7
A
TRUE
125
Q
- True or False: Calcium, potassium, and iron are all examples of minerals. - BF 7
A
TRUE
126
Q
- True or False: Vitamin E comes from leafy green forages. - BF 7
A
TRUE
127
Q
- True or False: If giving vitamin A orally mixed in minerals, be careful not to overfeed as this can poison your animal. - BF 7
A
TRUE
128
Q
- True or False: Feeding at random times throughout the day is fine as long as it gets done every day. - BF 7
A
FALSE
129
Q
- True or False: You should remove old hay before feeding new. - BF 7
A
TRUE
130
Q
- True or False: Mineral and salt should be fed once a week. - BF 7
A
FALSE
131
Q
- True or False: In order to put weight on your animal faster, make their pen very small so movement is limited. - BF 7
A
FALSE
132
Q
- True or False: There are formulas to follow that tell you how much of which feed to give each day for adequate gain. - BF 7
A
TRUE
133
Q
- True or False: Feed tags are optional on food, but most have it anyway. - BF 7
A
FALSE
134
Q
- True or False: A feed tag will tell you everything that is in your food. - BF 7
A
TRUE
135
Q
- True or False: If you run out of food, you can use a supplement feed as a total ration. - BF 7
A
FALSE
136
Q
- True or False: Guaranteed analysis does not tell you the quality of the feed. - BF 7
A
TRUE
137
Q
- True or False: You should check feed tags for withdrawal times if planning to sell your animal. - BF 7
A
TRUE
138
Q
- True or False: You want a heifer to cycle and breed within the first 25 days of breeding season. - BF 7
A
TRUE
139
Q
- True or False: All calves MUST be bottle raised. - BF 7
A
FALSE
140
Q
- True or False: Protein is important for starter calf feed. - BF 7
A
TRUE
141
Q
- True or False: Proper feeding and weight gain has nothing to do with being able to breed according to schedule. - BF 7
A
FALSE
142
Q
- True or False: The first time a heifer ovulates and shows estrus is called puberty. - BF 7
A
TRUE
143
Q
- True or False: A heifer will always conceive on the first estrus. - BF 7
A
FALSE
144
Q
- True or False: It is not important to have the heifer at target weight prior to breeding season. She will gain all the weight she needs during pregnancy. - BF 7
A
FALSE
145
Q
- True or False: A heifer cannot get too fat so it’s ok to free feed grain. - BF 7
A
FALSE
146
Q
- True or False: Your heifer may need more grain in the winter and all the hay she will eat. - BF 7
A
TRUE
147
Q
- True or False: If your pasture is good quality, you only need a small amount of hay or grain. - BF 7
A
TRUE
148
Q
- True or False: A bred heifer requires approximately 20-25 lbs of hay per day. - BF 7
A
TRUE
149
Q
- True or False: The ideal BCS or bone condition scale for a calving heifer is a level six. - BF 7
A
TRUE
150
Q
- True or False: You only need to monitor the BCS of your heifer 45 days prior to calving. - BF 7
A
FALSE
151
Q
- True or False: We only monitor a cow’s nutrition for reproduction. - BF 7
A
FALSE
152
Q
- True or False: Immature cows continue to grow until approximately four years of age. - BF 7
A
TRUE
153
Q
- True or False: Body weight is more important than body condition on a beef cow. - BF 7
A
FALSE
154
Q
- True or False: If a cow is thin during summer there is nothing you can do to improve her body condition. -BF 7
A
FALSE
155
Q
- True or False: It is better to wait until after calving to correct deficiencies. - BF 7
A
FALSE
156
Q
- True or False: Leaving thin cows with the herd is better than separating them and feeding separately. - BF 7
A
FALSE
157
Q
- True or False: Weather can play a role in cow body condition. - BF 7
A
TRUE
158
Q
- True or False: A thin cow easily gains weight in the winter when cows are less active. - BF 7
A
FALSE
159
Q
- True or False: Weaning a cow’s calf will help a thin cow gain weight. - BF 7
A
TRUE
160
Q
- True or False: Creep feeding calves is a must to be successful. - BF 7
A
FALSE
161
Q
- True or False: If you plan to creep feed your calf you should begin between three and four months of age. -BF 7
A
TRUE
162
Q
- True or False: All livestock feed are intended for the same purpose so it is ok to buy the same feed for all your animals. - BF 7
A
FALSE
163
Q
- True or False: Reducing a calf’s feed and water intake on the day they are shipped will reduce stress. - BF 7
A
TRUE
164
Q
- True or False: Livestock feed is divided into two major classification: concentrate and roughages. - BF 7
A
TRUE
165
Q
- True or False: You can switch a calf’s diet to what you have on hand immediately without gradual change because they have a four chamber stomach. - BF 7
A
FALSE
166
Q
- True or False: It is not necessary to feed trace minerals if you mix your own food. - BF 7
A
FALSE
167
Q
- True or False: Your project animal should be kept in a big barn with heating and air conditioning. - BF 7
A
FALSE
168
Q
- True or False: You need at least 75 square feet per calf if the feeder and water are in the pen with them. -BF 7
A
TRUE
169
Q
- True or False: Calves don’t need feeders because they are used to eating off the ground. - BF 7
A
FALSE
170
Q
- True or False: Calves have thick coats and hard hooves so there is no need to worry about pen drainage. -BF 7
A
FALSE
171
Q
- True or False: Your barn should have four sides regardless of ventilation. - BF 7
A
FALSE
172
Q
- True or False: As long as you always use the same scoop, all types of food will weigh the same amount. -BF 7
A
FALSE
173
Q
- True or False: Different kinds of grain may fit in the same size scoop, but may not weigh the same amount. -BF 7
A
TRUE
174
Q
- True or False: You do not need to weigh your animal before the show because it will be done at the fair check-in. - BF 7
A
FALSE
175
Q
- True or False: A calf needs water free choice. - BF 7
A
TRUE
176
Q
- True or False: Feeding your calf once a day is fine if he gets all his rations at this time. - BF 7
A
FALSE
177
Q
- True or False: Feed accumulated in the bottom of the feeder is ok because the calf will eat it later in the week. - BF 7
A
FALSE
178
Q
- True or False: Corn and oats are the two most popular energy sources for show cattle. - BF 7
A
TRUE
179
Q
- True or False: Molasses is unhealthy for your animal and should not be used unless it is necessary. - BF 7
A
FALSE
180
Q
- True or False: Alfalfa pellets are a good source of calcium and protein. - BF 7
A
TRUE
181
Q
- True or False: Beef cattle have a major requirement for vitamin A. - BF 7
A
TRUE
182
Q
- True or False: Vitamins are best administered through injection. - BF 7
A
FALSE
183
Q
- True or False: Corn silage can be fed free choice. - BF 7
A
FALSE
184
Q
- True or False: Deworming has nothing to do with how effective the cow digests the feed. - BF 7
A
FALSE
185
Q
- True or False: You should adjust the feed during growth so holding is not necessary at the end. - BF 7
A
TRUE
186
Q
- True or False: There is no need in getting your steer used to eating while tied up. - BF 7
A
FALSE
187
Q
- True or False: You should feed your animal immediately upon arrival at the show. - BF 7
A
FALSE
188
Q
- True or False: Grading systems are used to determine the value of a beef carcass. - BF 8
A
TRUE
189
Q
- True or False: A beef carcass graded on marbling and maturity is quality graded. - BF 8
A
TRUE
190
Q
- True or False: Fatter animals tend to grade higher in quality. - BF 8
A
TRUE
191
Q
- True or False: Quality grades for younger animals are: Commercial, Utility, Cutter, Canner - BF 8
A
FALSE
192
Q
- True or False: Quality grades for older animals are: Commercial, Utility, Cutter, Canner - BF 8
A
TRUE
193
Q
- True or False: USDA Prime and Choice are in the greatest demand by consumers of fresh beef. - BF 8
A
TRUE
194
Q
- True or False: There is a relationship between marbling, maturity, and the carcass quality grade. - BF 8
A
TRUE
195
Q
- True or False: A factor of yield grading is assessing the area of the rib eye muscle at the twelfth rib of the carcass. - BF 8
A
TRUE
196
Q
- True or False: Yield grade five is the least desirable grade for beef. - BF 8
A
TRUE
197
Q
- True or False: The fat thickness is measured on the ninth rib. - BF 8
A
FALSE
198
Q
- True or False: When you dress an animal you remove the hide, head, tail, lower legs, blood and organs. -BF 8
A
TRUE
199
Q
- True or False: A “Retail Cut” is a cut purchased for canning. - BF 8
A
FALSE
200
Q
- True or False: A rib eye size will vary with the muscularity of the animal and the carcass weight. - BF 8
A
TRUE
