DC BIO FINAL- Unit 2: Living Molecules

Question 1

What are elements and atoms, and how are they used?

Answer 1

Fundamental structural units of an element. All characteristics of the element

Question 2

What are molecules and compounds, and how are they related?

Answer 2

All organisms are made of a combination of elements
They contain atoms that combine together to form molecules

Question 3

Properties of Water

Answer 3

Water molecules have polar covalent bonds
Water stabilizes temperature
Water is a great solvent

Question 4

Hydrocarbons/organic molecules.

Answer 4

Molecules containing a carbon skeleton bonded to hydrogen atoms

Question 5

Facts about Carbon

Answer 5

Carbon has naturally occurring isotopes
Carbon-12 is the most common isotope of carbon

Question 6

Facts about pH scale

Answer 6

Overall concentration of hydrogen ions can be measured on pH scale
Ranges from 0-14
Change of one unit on the scale represents change in concentration

Question 7

Buffer

Answer 7

Type of molecule that helps a solution maintain constant pH

Question 8

Dehydration synthesis

Answer 8

Monomers are joined together, H+ and OH- are removed, resulting in the loss of a water molecule

Question 9

Hydrolysis

Answer 9

Polymer is broken apart H+ atom is attached to one new molecule, OH- group is attached to the other

Question 10

Carbohydrates

Answer 10

Monomer: Monosaccharides
Function: It is essential part of our diet & provides energy to the body through glucose
EX: Gains, Fruits, Veggies

Question 11

Lipids

Answer 11

Monomer: Fatty acids
Function: Cell stores long-term use in the form of lipids called fats
EX: Fats, oils, waxes

Question 12

Proteins

Answer 12

Monomer: Amino Acids
Function: Structural, regulatory, protective, transport, storage…lots!
EX: Enzymes or hormones