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EPPP - Nicole's > Day before exam review (themes brushing over all subjects) > Flashcards

Day before exam review (themes brushing over all subjects) Flashcards

1
Q

Style of Life

A

Adler

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2
Q

Archetypes

A

Jung

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3
Q

Success identity and Failure Identity

A

Reality Therapy (Glasser)

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4
Q

Double Bind Communication

A

Conflicting Negative Injunctions

Associated with Schizophrenia

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5
Q

Symmetrical and Complementary Communications

A

Communication/Interaction Family Therapy

(Mental Research Institute)

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6
Q

Differentiation

Emotional Triangle

Family Projection Process (Transmission process)

A

Bowen

Extended Family System

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7
Q

Boundaries

Rigid Triads

Joining

A

Minuchin

Structural Family Therapy

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8
Q

Paradoxical Intervention
(Ordeals, Restraining, Positioning, Reframing, Perscribing the Sx)

A

Jay Haley

Strategic Family Therapy

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9
Q

Hypothesizing

Neutrality

Paradox

Circular Questions

A

Milan Systemic Family Therapy

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10
Q

White’s and minorities typically hold what type of world view?

A

Whites: Internal Locus of Control and Internal Locus of Responsibility (IC-IR)

Minority Groups: Internal Locus of Control and External Locus of Responsibility (IC-ER)

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11
Q

Atkinson, Morten and Sue’s Black/Cultural Identity Development Model

A
  • Conformity: Pos attitutudes towards dom, depricating attitudes to one’s own (Yes WT)
  • Dissonance: Confusion/Conflict (No WT)
  • Resistance/Immersion: Actively reject whites, (No WT)
  • Introspection: Questioning rigid beliefs from R/I stage (No WT)
  • Integrative Awareness: Multicultrual perspective, end oppression (Same worldview T)
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12
Q

Cross’ Black Racial (Nigrescence) Identity Development Model

A
  • Pre-Encounter: Race & identity = low salience (Yes WT)
  • Encounter: Exposure to race event (No WT)
  • Immersion-Emmersion: race & identity = HIGH salience, idealizing black culture
  • Internalization: Continues to have high salience, actively work to irradicate racism
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13
Q

Helm’s White Racial Identity Development Model

A
  • Contact Status: Little awareness (Oblivious/Denial)
  • Disintegration Status: Increased awareness = confusion, over identifying (suppression of info/ambivalence)
  • Reintegration Status: Idealizing white’s, blame minority (Selective perception/ neg. out-group bias)
  • Pseudo-Independence Status: Question racist views, intellectually understands (sel. perception/reshaping)
  • Immersion-Emmersion: Confronts own biases (hypervigilance/reshaping)
  • Autonomy Status: Internalizes non-racist views (Flexibility/Complexity)
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14
Q

Diagnostic Criteria for Intellectual Disability

A
  • Deficits in Intellectual Functioning
  • Deficits in Adaptive Functioning
  • Onset during developmental period
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15
Q

Diagnostic Criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorder

A
  • Deficits in Social communication and interactions (over multiple contexts)
  • Restricted, repetitive patterns of behvaiours, interests or activities
  • Sx during early developmental period
  • Impairment in social, occupational or other areas

Best outcome associated with: ability to verbally communicate by age 5/6, IQ over 70, later onset of Sx

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16
Q

Diagnostic Criteria for ADHD & important study on treatment

A
  • 6 Sx for 6 months +, with onset prior to age 12, present in 2 settings
  • Prevalence rate: 5% for children, 2.5% for adults, more prevalent in males (2:1)
    • Mental Health Multimodal Treatment Study of ADHD (MTA)
      • ​Initial: Medication alone or combined Behavioural Meds was superior
      • 3 & 8 yr Follow up: Meds Alone, Combined, Behavioural alone and community care were equal in terms of effects
17
Q

Diagnostic Criteria for Tourette’s Disorder

A
  • 1+ vocal tic and multiple motor tics, persisting for 1 year, prior to age 18
  • Due to elevated levels of dopamine in the caudate nucleus

*Highly associated with Obsessions and Compulsions with OCD

18
Q

Diagnostic Criteria for Delusional Disorder

A
  • 1+ delusion that lasts at least one month
  • Psychosocial functioning NOT impaired, any impairment directly related to delusion
  • Erotomanic, Grandiose, Jealous, Persecusatory, Somatic, Mixed, Unspecified
19
Q

Diagnositc Criteria, Prevalence Rates, Etiology for Schizophrenia

A
  • 2+ Active Phase Sx for at least one month (w/ one Sx being delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech)
  • Must have continuous signs of the disorder for 6 months & cause SIG. impairment
  • MOOD Sx BRIEF and do NOT occur during active phase Sx
  • Substance/Tobbaco disorder most commonly associated
  • Lifetime prevalence: 0.3-0.7% slightly lower for females
    • Best prognosis: good premorbid adjustment, acute/late onset, female gender, presence of percipitating events, brief duration of active phase Sx, insight into illness, fam Hx of mood disorder, no fam Hx of Schizophrenia
  • Etiology:
    • ​Bio sibs: 10%, Fraternal Twins: 17%, Identical Twins: 48%, 2 parents witht Schizophrenia: 46%
  • Brain Structures: Enlarged 3rd ventricles, Smaller-than-normal hippocampus, amygdala and globus pallidus
20
Q

Diagnostic Criteria for Schizophreniform Disorder

A
  • Identical to schizophrenia, EXCEPT, duration is present for at least one month but less than six months
  • 2/3 eventually meet criteria for schizophrenia
21
Q

Diagnostic Criteria for Brief Psychotic Disorder

A
  • 1 + Sx (delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, grossly disorganized/catatonic beh)
    • W/ at least one Sx being delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech
  • Sx present for 1 day - 1 month
  • Onset typically after a stressor and goes back to baseline by 1 month
22
Q

Diagnostic Criteria for Schizoaffective Disorder

A
  • Uninterrupted period of Depressive and Schizophrenic Sx, with a period of 2 weeks without prominent mood Sx
23
Q

Diagnostic Criteria for Bipolar I

A
  • 1+ Manic Episode, for at least 1 week, present most days ad has 3 Sx:
    • Inflated Self-Esteem/Grandiosity
    • Decreased need for sleep
    • Excessive Talkativeness
    • Flight of Ideas
  • Requires hospitalization
  • Can include 1+ episodes of hypomania or depression
  • Prevalence: 0.6%, ~ same ratio for boys and girls
  • Etiology:.67-1.0 for identical twins, .2 for fraternal twins
24
Q

Diagnostic Criteria for Bipolar II

A
  • 1+ hypomanic episode that lasts 4+ conseuctive days AND 1+ major depressive episode that lasts at least 2 weeks with 5 characteristic Sx
  • Not severe enough to cause marked impairment of hospitalization
25
Q

Diagnostic Criteria for Cyclothymic Disorder

A
  • Numerous periods with hypomaic Sx that don’t meet criteria for a hypomanic episode
  • Numerous periods of depressive Sx that do not meet criteria for MDD
  • Sx lasts at least 2 years in adults, 1 year in children
  • Never being Sx free for longer than 2 months at a time
26
Q

Diagnostic Criteria for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) & the two specifers

A
  • 5 Sx, nearly everyday for at least 2 weeks w/ one at least being depressed mood or loss in interest/pleasure
  • Reduced Stange 3/4 sleep, earler REM onset, increased duration of REM sleep
  • 1.5-3x more likely for females starting in adolescense
  • Specifier: Peripartum Onset
    • ​Sx during pregnancy or within 4 weeks postpartum
  • Specifier: Seasonal Pattern
    • ​Temperal relationship between mood and a particular time of year
27
Q

Diagnostic Criteria for Persistent Depressive Disorder

A
  • Depressed mood for most days for 2 years in adults and 1 year in children
    • 2 Sx needed
    • Not being Sx free for more than 2 months
28
Q

Diagnostic criteria for Separation Anxiety Disorder

A
  • Developmentally Inapporpriate Fear/Anxiety frome home or attachment figures
    • 3 Sx
    • Last at least 4 weeks (children) or 6 months in adults
29
Q

Specific Diagnostic Criteria for Specific Phobia

A
  • Intense fear/anxiety about a specific object/situation
  • Typically lasting 6 months
30
Q

Diagnostic Criteria for Oppositional Defiant Disorder

A
  • Recurrent pattern of angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behaviour, vindictiveness
  • 4 Characteristic Sx directed at a NON-sibling person for 6 months:
    • loses temper, argues with authority, actively refuses requests/rules, blames others for their mistakes
31
Q

Diagnostic Criteria for Conduct Disorder

A
  • Persistent pattern of behaviour that violates the basic rights of others and/or age-appropriate social norms
  • 3 Sx within the past 6 months:
    • aggression to people and animals
    • destruction of property
    • deceitfulness or theft
    • serious violations of rules
  • CANNOT assign disorder to people over 18 years of age who meet criteria for APD
  • More common in men
32
Q

Diagnostic Criteria for Substance Use Disorder

A
  • 2 Sx during a 12-month period, categorized by four groups:
    • Impaired Control
    • Social Impairment
    • Risky Use
    • Pharmacological Criteria (tolerance/withdrawal)
33
Q

Define the Diagnostic Criteria for the Cluster A Personality Disorders (Odd/Eccentric Behaviour)

A
  • Paranoid Personality Disorder
    • ​Distrust, viewing others motives as malevolent
  • Schizoid Personality Disorder
    • ​detachment from social rel, restricted range of emotions in social settings, lacks friends, little interest in making friends
  • Schizoptypal Personality Disorder
    • ​social deficits, acute discomfort, reduced capacity for rel, desire close personal contact but has few friends.
34
Q

Define the Diagnostic Criteria for the Cluster B Personality Disorders (Dramatic, Emotional, Erratic Behaviour)

A
  • Antisocial Personality Disorder
    • ​pattern of violation and the disregard for the needs of others since age 15
    • Must be at least 18 years old, and have a history of conduct disorder prior to age 15
    • Chronic, but becomes less severe in the 4th decade of life
  • Borderline Personality Disorder
    • ​instability in relationships, self-image, and affect; impulsivity
    • 5 Sx.
    • Onset highest between 19-34 yrs old (by 40+, 75% no longer meet diagnostic criteria)
  • Histrionic Personality Disorder​
    • ​Pattern of emotionality and attention-seeking
  • Narcissistic Personality Disorder
    • ​pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, lack of empathy
35
Q

Describe the diagnostic criteria for Cluster C Personality Disorders (Anxiety/Fearfulness)

A
  • Avoidant Personality Disorder
    • ​Social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, hypersensitivity to crtitcism
  • Dependent Personality Disorder​
    • Excessive need to be taken care of
  • Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder
    • ​Orderliness, perfectionism, mental/interpersonal control
    • NO obsessions or compulsions, may engage in some ritualistic behaviours

EPPP - Nicole's (5 decks)

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