Day 7 (pg 166) Flashcards
What is the status of the thoracic interspinous ligament?
it is narrow and elongated reflecting the shape of the spinous process
What are the attachment sites for the superficial layer of the ligamentum nuchae?
the external occipital protuberance, external occipital crest, and spinous tubercle of C7
What is the histological make-up of the human ligamentum nuchae?
it is a yellow elastic ligament, but has more collagen fibers than in quadrupeds
What is the primary yellow elastic or elastic ligament of the spine?
the ligamentum flavum
What is the classic function of the human ligamentum nuchae?
it brakes or limits flexion of the cervical spine
What is the termination level inferiorly for the supraspinous ligament according to current literature?
primarily at L4 (73%); between L4 and L5 (5%)
What forms the ventral slip of the inter transverse ligament in the lumbar spine?
A membranous partition from the vertebral body covers the intervertebral foramen and extends back to the transverse process to form a ventral slip. It is penetrated by the contents of the intervertebral foramen
What forms the dorsal slip of the intertransverse ligament in the lumbar spine?
A thick partition extends from the lamina and articular processes and extends laterally to glen with the ventral slip to form a septum separating the anterior muscles from the posterior muscles of the body wall.
What are the attachment sites of the posterior atlanto-occipital ligament?
it is attached to the arcuate rim of the posterior arch of C1, to the superior articular process of the lateral mass of C1 and to the posterior margin of the foramen magnum of the occipital bone
What are the attachment sites of the ponticulus posticus?
it is attached to the arcuate rim of the posterior arch of C1 and to the superior articular process of the lateral mass of C1
What other name may be used to identify a ponticulus posticus?
Kimmerle’s anomaly
What names are given to the opening formed by the ponticulus poticulus?
arcuate foramen or retroarticular canal
What amour of flexion - extension is accommodated by the atlanto-occipital joint?
about twenty-five degrees
What amount of axial rotation is accommodated by the atlanto-occipital joint?
about three to eight degrees one side axial rotation
What amount of lateral bending is accommodated but the atlanto-occipital joint?
about five degrees
Which motion is best accommodated by the atlanto-occipital joint?
flexion - extension
What are the joint surfaces of the median atlanto-axial joint at the anterior bursa?
the fovea dents of C1 and the facet for fovea dents of C2
What are the joint surfaces of the median atlanto-axial joint at the posterior bursa?
the groove for the transverse atlantal ligament of C2 and the transverse atlantal ligament
What histological feature is present on the anterior surface of the transverse atlantal ligament?
fibrocartilage at the surface of the ligament articulating with C2
What is the function of the transverse atlantal ligament?
it is the primary stabilizer of the atlanto-axial joint restricting the distance of C2 from the anterior arch of C1
What is the ADI?
the Atlanto-Dental Interspace, a radiographic distance between the surfaces of the anterior bursa of the median atlanto-axial joint
What is the ADI of children compared with that of adults?
about 4.5 mm in children; a range of 2-3 mm or about 2.5 in adults
