Day 16 (pg 214) Flashcards
Visceral efferent fibers conveyed in the seventh cranial nerve originate from which nucleus?
superior salivatory nucleus
Preganglionic visceral efferent fibers of cranial nerve VII will exit the pons in what nerve?
nervus intermedius, nerve of Wrisberg, sensory root of facial nerve
Which immediate branch of the seventh cranial nerve will convey preganglionic parasympathetic efferent fibers to the lacrimal gland?
greater petrosal or greater superficial petrosal nerve
What is the continuation of the greater petrosal nerve of the seventh cranial nerve?
Vidian neve or nerve to the pterygoid canal
What are the names of the ganglion of synapse on the efferent pathway to the lacrimal gland?
pterygopalatine ganglion, sphenopaltine ganglion, Meckel’s ganglion
Postganglionic parasympathetic efferent fibers from the pterygopalatine, sphenopalatine or Meckel’s ganglion will become incorporated in which cranial nerve branch?
maxillary nerve of the trigeminal
The zygomaticotemporal nerve will convey postganglionic parasympathetic efferent fibers to the lacrimal gland through a communication with which branch of the fifth cranial nerve?
ophthalmic nerve
What is the branch from the ventral primary ramus that carries preganglionic sympathetic visceral efferent (VE) fibers to a paravertebral ganglion?
the white ramus communicans
What is the pathway for the postganglionic sympathetic visceral efferent (VE) fiber to the lacrimal gland?
it exits the superior cervical ganglion via the gray ramus communicans and joints the internal carotid artery neuromuscular plexus and continues along the ophthalmic artery to the lacrimal gland where it synapses
Sympathetic stimulation of the lacrimal gland will result in what events?
vasoconstriction of blood vessels, limited availability of water to secretory units, more viscous or thicker product formed in glandular lumen
Parasympathetic stimulation of targets in the lacrimal gland will result in what events?
vasodilation of blood vessels, increased availability of water to secretory units, thinner or more watery product in lumen;
constriction of myoepithelial cells leading to release of product from secretory lumen into duct system
What are the names of the layers of the eyeball?
fibrous tunic, uveal tract & retina
What are the parts of the uveal tract of the eyeball?
iris, ciliary body, choroid & pupil
What are the receptor neurons of the second cranial nerve?
rod and cone photoreceptor cells
what is the function of the rod cell?
provide vision in dim light conditions
What is the function of the cone cell?
provide vision in bright light conditions and mediate color vision
What is the most numerous photoreceptor cell?
rod cell
What is the primary afferent neuron of the second cranial nerve?
bipolar cell
What is the secondary sensory neuron of the second cranial nerve?
ganglion cell
What forms the optic nerve?
axons of ganglion cells
What is the location for tertiary neurons of the visual pathway?
lateral geniculate nucleus
Axons from the lateral geniculate nucleus will synapse in what specific location?
primary visual cortex, calcarine sulcus of the occipital lobe of the cerebrum
What is the location of the anterior chamber of the eyeball?
between the cornea and iris
What is the location of the posterior chamber of the eyeball?
between the iris and lens
What is contained in the anterior chamber of the eyeball?
aqueous humor
What is contained in the posterior chamber of the eyeball?
aqueous humor
What is the name given to the chamber behind the lens?
vitreous chamber
What is the location of the vitreous chamber?
behind the lens, in front of the retina
What fills the vitreous chamber?
vitreous body
What are the functions of the vitreous body?
maintain retinal curvature; allow minimal light distortion from lens to retina
What are the common characteristics in origin and insertion of all rectus extraocular muscles?
they all originate from a common annular tendon in the orbit
they all insert into the sclera in front of the coronal equator of the eyeball
What is the common characteristic regarding the insertion of both oblique extra ocular muscles?
both insert onto sclera on the lateral margin of the eyeball behind the coronal equator
