day 7

Question 1

How did the Reformation and the Enlightenment affect core public values?

Answer 1

the reformation created a direct connection between Human and God. where as the enlightenment created a direct connection between Nature and humans. -weakened authority of the church, raised the status of individuals, -weakened the power of social classes, promoted greater freedom and equality, -substituted naturalistic explanations for theological one: reason became supreme,

Question 2

What are the basics of John Locke’s theory of government?

Answer 2

he questioned whether the claim to divine right was valid.
his points: freedom, equal status=equal rights, the right to property(ie you own yourself and your property)
people had a right and incentive to form governments to protect themselves. came ups with the 2nd treatise of govt

Question 3

What is the difference between positive and negative liberty?

Answer 3

freedom to freedom from

Question 4

What is liberalism, and what are the primary liberal ideologies in America today?

Answer 4

Locke was one of the founders.
3 pillars of liberalism: liberty, equality, consent
progressives: modern liberalism
libertarians:  classical liberalism
conservatives

Question 5

According to Haidt, how do libertarians, progressives, and social conservatives differ in how they prioritize core values (moral taste buds)?

Answer 5

Classical liberalism: libertarians

• focus on protecting negative liberty
• cant make laws to force virtue
• moral tb: liberty and oppression

Modern liberalism: progressives

• positive liberty(govt helping ppl succeed)
• community less of a focus
• full of ability to do what we want
• moral tb: care/harm (according to Haidt-care/harm, liberty/opression, fairness/cheating)

Conservatives:

• focused on community
• want to uphold values
• more likely to be offended when people violate sanctity
• negative liberty, not worried about govt giving us stuff to succeed
• moral tb: equal on all six

Question 6

What is meant by the “filters of consent”?

Answer 6

legislatures select the best among the people, basically a system so that gov officials are distanced form direct election to prevent against mod rule and public whim.

Question 7

How do structure and incentives affect what type of representation the people achieve?

Answer 7

“the govt will be representative of the people if elected officials have an incentive to do what the people want

Question 8

2nd treatise of govt

Answer 8

1. in a state of nature there is no government (no divine right of kings)
2. people join together to create a social compact
3. government’s only job is to protect people’s natural rights
4. government exits by consent of the governed
5. if govt violates the social compact, the people have the right and duty to revolt