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cfomV > Day 4: Blood > Flashcards

Day 4: Blood Flashcards

1
Q

There are 2 types of bone marrow. ______ marrow is mostly _____ cells and _____ marrow is mostly ____ cells

A

Red marrow is mainly parenchymal

yellow marrow is mainly white adipocyte

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2
Q

fibroblast

A

secretes ECM for bone marrow

also stimulates colony forming cells

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3
Q

osteoblast

A

produces new bone matrix

maintains hematopoetic environment

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4
Q

endothelial cell

A

regulates expression of adhesion molecules and controls movement of cells from bone marrow to circulation

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5
Q

mesenchymal stem cell

A

can differentiate into other mesenchymal cells and produces cytokines

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6
Q

macrophage

A

phagocytosis

produces cytokines to encourage hematopoiesis

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7
Q

osteoclast

A

resorbs bone

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8
Q

connective tissue fiber

A

scanty network of fine reticular fibers in the marrow

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9
Q

blood supply

A

nutrient arteries that go through skeletal bones and form a plexus of thin walled sinusoids

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10
Q

at 3-4 weeks what is observed in hematopoetic devpt

A

hematopoetic precursors observed in splachnic mesoderm

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11
Q

at 5 weeks what is observed in hematopoetic devpt

A

fetal circulatory system established

hematopoetic cells seen in liver and spleen

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12
Q

at 5 months what is observed in hematopoetic devpt

A

hematopoetic cells produced in bone marrow

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13
Q

at 4 years what is observed in hematopoetic devpt

A

yellow marrow begins to form as more fat cells accumulate

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14
Q

what happens in hematopoetic devpt between 10-14 years

A

middle of long bone shafts become yellow marrow

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15
Q

what happens at age 25 in hematopoetic devpt

A

red marrow is found only at the ends of long bones and several other places

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16
Q

How are PHSCs different morphologically than lymphocytes

A

They are NOT morphologically different from lymphocytes!!!

17
Q

What are the two needed abilities to be able to call something a stem cell?

A

(1) able to differentiate into any cell type in that tissue

(2) able to self renew

18
Q

What is a CD molecule and how are they used?

A

A CD molecule is a cell surface molecule.

With a known monoclonal antibodies for the CD molecules, cells can be sorted, or ID’d, or isolated using flow cytometry

19
Q

What are the (2) characteristics of a progenitor cell?

A

(1) the ability to differentiate is limited

(2) the cell is able to self renew

20
Q

generally progenitor cells go from being ___potent to ___

A

multipotent to committed

21
Q

name (4) cytokines and where they are made

A

Colony stimulating factor and interleukins- RBC and endothelium
Erythropoeitin- liver and kidneys

22
Q

what are (2) qualities of a precursor cell

A

(1) can divide into a further differentiated cell

(2) can NOT renew itself

23
Q

generally precursor cells go from ______ to ______

A

committed to mature

24
Q

describe how a reticulocyte is different from an erythrocyte and from a polychromatophilic erythroblast

A

a plychromatophilic erythroblast is the last precursor that can divide, a nurse cell phagocytoses its nucleus and makes it into a reticulocyte. However the RNA and protein is still left over so it is not an erythrocyte yet.

25
Q

__,__, and___ develop very similarly but have different progenitors

A

neutrophils, basophils and eosinophils.

26
Q

myeloblast

A

come from the relevant CFU cell, large and look like a lymphocyte

27
Q

promyelocyte

A 
bigger than myeloblasts
have azurophilic (primary) granules
28
Q

myelocyte

A

last stage at which division is possible

begin to from specific granules

29
Q

metamyelocyte

A

specific granules accumulate

nucleus is indented and lobes form

30
Q

stab/band cell

A

an extra step only seen in the neutrophil where the nucleus is extremely indented and constricted before it forms 3-5 lobes

31
Q

CFU-Meg differentiates into ______ which differentiates into_____

A

MegakaryoBLAST

PROmegakaryoCYTE

32
Q

a PROmegakaryoCYTE has what properties

A

it is a very large polyploid cell
it is post endomitotic
it has the machinery to make platelets

33
Q

B-Cells from CFU-LyB are immune______ in the bone marrow while CFU-LyT are immune_______ in the bone marrow.

A

immunocompetent

immunoINcompetent

34
Q

while B-cells go straight from marrow to circulation, Tcells have to go ____ to become ____ before circulation

A

Thymus

competent

35
Q

how are a monoBLAST and a PROmonoCYTE different?

A

the PROmonoCYTE is indented, also its nucleoli is less apparent while the monoBLAST is round

36
Q

What is anemia and what are its 3 classifications

A

The reduction in the ability for blood to carry oxygen to the tissues

(1) too little RBC
(2) too much RBC
(3) malfunctioning RBC

37
Q

what is leukemia

A

abnormal quantity or function of WBC

38
Q

what are the two ways leukemias can be classified

A

Acute/Chronic

Myeloid/Lymphoid

cfomV (6 decks)

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