Day 3 ( Visceral nervous system, the brainstem, ascending/descending tracts)

Question 1

What is the other name for motor part of the visceral nervous system?

Answer 1

autonomic nervous system

Question 2

what are the two components of the autonomic nervous system

Answer 2

parasympathetic

sympathetic,

Question 3

Which component of the ANS does to both the core (organs) and periphery (skin)?

Answer 3

sympathetic

Question 4

which component of the ANS goes to just the core?

Answer 4

parasympathetic

Question 5

sympathetic preganglionic neurons are in the lateral horns of which part of the spinal cord?

Answer 5

T1-L2 spinal levels

Question 6

where are sympathetic ganglia?

Answer 6

most sympathetic ganglia are in the sympathetic chain close to the vertebral column; therefore they have shorter pre ganglionic neurons and longer post ganglionic neurons; some gangial are closer to their targets of innervation

Question 7

parasympathetic ganglia are where?

Answer 7

close to target organs; pre ganglionic fibers are longer than post ganglionic fibers usually

Question 8

where along the SC do we see parasympathetic NS?

Answer 8

Brainstem, S2-S4

Question 9

the parasympathetic system does what to heart rate? digestion?

Answer 9

decreases, promotes emptying

Question 10

the sympathetic system does what to heart rate? digestion?

Answer 10

increases, promotes filling

Question 11

what are two examples of ANS systems that operate unopposed?

Answer 11

1. sympathetic vasoconstriction

2. parasympathetic salivary gland secretion

Question 12

what would happen to heart rate if the parasympathetic system was inhibited?

Answer 12

because the sympathetic and parasympathetic NS work antagonistically creating balance, if there was no parasympathetic innervation/regulation you would see a large increase in HR

Question 13

what is an example of where the para and sympa systems collaborate and work together?

Answer 13

Sexual function:

parasympathetic system promotes erection and the sympathetic system promotes ejaculation

Question 14

all of the sympathetic information going to the head come from which spinal level?

Answer 14

T1

Question 15

Name the condition where there is a loss of sympathetic outflow to the head and neck. What symptoms would you see clinically?

Answer 15

Horner’s syndrome

Constriction of pupil
Drooping of eyelid
Loss of sweating

Question 16

Injury at what spinal cord level and above causes autonomic dysreflexia?

Answer 16

T6 or above

Question 17

all bladder stuff that happens WITHOUT cortical control happens at which spinal levels?

Answer 17

S2, S3, S4

Question 18

What level of lesion creates a spastic bladder?

Answer 18

s2 or above

Question 19

what level of lesion creates a flaccid bladder?

Answer 19

S2 or below