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CNA > Day 3 > Flashcards

Day 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Infection

A

invasion and multiplication of microorganisms that are not normally present in the body

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2
Q

What you can do to prevent infection in a room

A

HAND WASHING, clean environment, immune system

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3
Q

Communicable (contagious) disease

A

An infection or disease that can be spread from one person to another

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4
Q

HAI/Nosocomial

A

healthcare acquired infection, infection that is contracted in the health care setting (nursing home, hospital, ect.); usually due to neglect

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5
Q

Infection control

A

discipline concerned with preventing the spread of infection

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6
Q

what to do to stop infections

A

WASH OUR HANDS, wear PPE (personal protective equipment), clean surfaces (desk, table, medcart), vaccines, isolation

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7
Q

Microorganism/infectious agent

A

An organism that can only be seen with a microscope - neutral, neither good or bad

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8
Q

Pathogen

A

disease causing microorganism (influenza, covid, e. coli, c-diff - insanely difficult to kill)

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9
Q

What is the ideal environment for microorganisms before they are not viable (alive)?

A

Not viable after 24-72 hrs
1: warm
2: dark
3: moist

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10
Q

Mode of Transmission

A

How bacteria moves between two surfaces

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11
Q

Direct Contact

A

Microorganisms transfer from infected person to healthy person directly (covid, flu, cold, shingles, c-diff); easiest way for m.o to spread; hug, handshake, kiss, sneeze, cough

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12
Q

indirect contact

A

microorganism transfer from something the infected person has come in contact with; touch the same thing they touched (phone, doorknob, ect.); IF IT CAN BE SPREAD THROUGH DIRECT, IT CAN ALMOST ALWAYS SPREAD THROUGH INDIRECT

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13
Q

Droplet

A

Microorganisms reach the healthy person from a wet airborne route; coughing/ sneezing (flu, cold, covid); USE PROPER ETIQUETTE

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14
Q

Airborne

A

Microorganisms reach a healthy person from Dry Airborne Route; does NOT require moisture (TB, Measles)

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15
Q

Susceptible

A

Capable of being infected; predisposition, liable or sensitive infection

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16
Q

What makes you susceptible?

A

compromised immune system, organ damage, age (young and old), current infection, chronic illness (dementia, cancer, heart failure, DIABETES)

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17
Q

Symptoms of Localized infection

A

think of a cut (hot, red, swollen, painful, drainage and pus); tell your nurse if noticed

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18
Q

Symptoms of Generalized (Systemic) infection

A

fever, fatigue, nausea

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19
Q

Is fever a medical emergency?

A

Fever is good to rid off infection as long as it doesn’t get too hot (103 or 104); still if it is higher than normal tell the nurse

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20
Q

Asepsis/ Clean technique

A

to be free of pathogens (99.9%); Sterile is 100% free of pathogens

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21
Q

Disinfection

A

use of chemicals to remove pathogens

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22
Q

Contaminate

A

to soil, stain or infect. to make dirty

23
Q

Biohazardous Waste

A

waste containing infectious material. Blood is ALWAYS biohazardous.

24
Q

what else is biohazard?

A

if you have a contagious infection, every bodily fluid is biohazardous

25
Q

Sharps Container

A

Hard plastic container to dispose of needles and other sharp objects that are exposed to blood.

26
Q

Isolation

A

Used to keep yourself protected from microorganisms that the patient may have

27
Q

Standard Precautions

A

universal tasks that we always do; isolation precautions that are used on everyone no matter their illness

28
Q

What are the standard precautions?

A

washing hands, gloves when handling bodily fluids, use clean surfaces, dispose of trash in correct bin (biohazard, regular, ect)

29
Q

contact precautions

A

isolation precautions used when you are worried about direct and indirect transmission. You would wear A GOWN AND GLOVES

30
Q

Droplet precuations

A

You would wear GOWN, GLOVES, A MASK AND GOGGLES

31
Q

Airborne Precautions

A

you would wear GOWN, GLOVES, GOGGLES and a SPECIAL MASK called a RESPIRATOR due to the extremely small size of these pathogens

32
Q

Blood Borne pathogens

A

pathogens found in human blood use standard precautions if you resident has a blood borne pathogen which means wear NOTHING. (HIV, Hepatitis, AIDS)

33
Q

Void

A

to urinate

34
Q

What is the most common infection causes in a nursing home?

A

poor hand washing and poor perineal care

35
Q

Feces

A

Poop, Stool, bowel movement, BM

36
Q

incontinence

A

inability to control bowel and bladder

37
Q

Both Feces and Incontinence puts you at risk for what 2 major concerns?

A

1: UTI
2: skin breakdown (commonly feces)

38
Q

Toilet schedule

A

toileting residents at specific times per their care plan, every 2 hours normally, FOLLOW THE TOILET SCHEDULE

39
Q

Urinal

A

handheld container to collect urine, typically used by males but there are female versions

40
Q

bedside commode

A

portable toilet

41
Q

Bed Pan/ Fracture Pan

A

container used for bedfast patient so they can eliminate . Bed pan looks like a normal toilet seat but the fracture pan should have a handle towards their feet and is used for those who have limited mobility in the hips

42
Q

catheter

A

flexible tube inserted into the bladder to eliminate urine, HIGH INFECTION RISK

43
Q

Perineal Care (pericare)

A

cleansing of male and female genitalia

44
Q

urinary meatus

A

opening into the urinary system (where the urine leaves the body)

45
Q

peristalsis

A

muscular contractions that pushes food through the body

46
Q

What happens to peristalsis has you get older/ have a baby

A

It will slow and weaken which leads to constipation

47
Q

Constipation

A

hard stool

48
Q

Fecal Impaction

A

very serious constipation. Signs include thin, watery stool and coffee ground emesis

49
Q

Stoma

A

mouth of the ostomy; should be bright red and moist looking

50
Q

ostomy

A

surgical opening of the body

51
Q

colostomy

A

surgical opening into the colon

52
Q

kidney/dialysis

A

organ that produces urine/medical procedure used when kidney fails

53
Q

Dialysis

A

artificial process; scrub blood outside of body; does a lot less work than kidneys

CNA (8 decks)

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