Day 2- Medically important bacteria Flashcards
1 cause and treatment of utis
E. coli
TMP-SMX
Nitrofurantoin
What gram and shape is staphylococcus aureus
Gram positive cocci
What organism causes Scalded skin syndrome
Staphylococcus aureus
TSS is what kind of an antigen
a superantigen- causes TSS by stimulating helper T cells to release IL-2
What is used to prevent surgical wound infections
Cefazolin
Lancet shaped cocci
Pneumococcus (strep pneumoniae)
Kidney shaped gram negative diplococci
Niserria meningitidis
What is the primary syphilis lesion
Chancre
What is the secondary syphilis lesion
macular papular rash on the palms of hand
Condoma lata on genitals
What is the tertiary syphilis lesion
Gumma (typical, solid, necrosis, can be in mouth)
Primary vs secondary vs tertiary syphilis
primary- chancre
secondary- maculopapular lash that is a condyloma lata lesion
tertiary- nodular lesion
If you have a nodule on the genitals in syphilis, what is it likely called
A gumma for tertiary syphilis
A condoloma lata is what
A secondary syphilis lesion on the genitals
How do you determine borrelia burgdorferi infection
With Labratory diagnosis- serologically
Confirm positive serologic test with Western Blot (Detect IgM)
Infection causes Facial Palsy, CSF to serum (spinal tap) shows Anti-B Burgdorferi Titers
For what organism do you use an anti-B burdorferi index
Borrelia burgdorferi
CSF to serum anti-B burgdorferi index >1, which is a ratio of antibody titers
How do you councel on lyme disease
People keep coming back to the doctors office and have positive antibody titers (IgG) and symptoms, and they will want to take doxy again. But counsel them that symptoms are persistant after treatment
Raw honey in an infant causes what
Botulism- flacid pryalisis
What population is Tuberculosis found in
Homeless individuals and prision population
What drugs are used to treat tuberculosis
Isoniazid- inhibits cell wall
Isoniazid, Rifamptin, pyrazinamine, ethambutol
Hint: if someone has TB symptoms and are from the south/southeast coasts, what causes this?
Mycobacterium kansasii
NOT tb because not transmissable from person to person- it is transmissable from the environment
Slow growing
HINT: if you go swimming in a lake or are cleaning an aquarium (swimming in any different bodies of water), what mycobacteria might you have
Mycobacterium marinum
Slow growing
Common in people who clean aquariums
Can get from swimming in any non-chlorinated fresh water or salt water
Fish tank granuloma
Slow growing
Does shagella have flagella
no
Shagella has no flagella 😜
HINT: What are the curved, gram - rods organisms
- Helicobacter pylori- curved rod in stomach - TX: PCN (Amoxicillin)
- Capylobacter jejuni- spiral rod with dysentary (bloody diarrhea and enterocolitis symtoms) TX: Erythromycin
- vibrio colerae- Curved rod with diarrhea and dehydration. TX: Tetracycline
Abdominal pain, rose spots
TX?
Salmonella Typhi– causes Typhoid Fever
TX: Ceftriaxone
Group A strep causes what disorder that is commonly seen in outpatient clinics
Strep Pharyngitis
Diagnosis: Throat swab, culture
How do you treat Gonorrhea in pregnancy
Ceftriaxone
Also give azithromycin in case of chlamydia
What age do you screen for chlamydia in women
less than 25
Gonorrhea ascends due to what in pregnancy
Due to pH chages in pregnancy (higher in pregnancy)
