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PLE 2018 > Day 2 > Flashcards

Day 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Simvastatin

A

Class: Statin
MOA: Increased hepatic cholesterol uptake
Uses: Hypercholesterolemia
SE: Hepatotoxicity, Rhabdomyolysis

Atorvastatin
Rosuvastatin

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2
Q

Cholestyramine

A

Class: Bile acid binding resin
MOA: Binds bile acids
Uses: Hypercholesterolemia
SE: Bloating, constipation, gallstones

Colesevalem
Colestipol

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3
Q

Ezetimibe

A

Class: Sterol absorption blocker
MOA: Selective inhibitor of NPC1L1 transporter
Uses: Hypercholesterolemia (High LDL)
SE: Heptatotoxicity

Synergistic LDL lowering effect with statins

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4
Q

Sitosterol

A

Class: Sterol absorption blocker
MOA: Cholesterol analog; takes place of dietary and biliary cholesterol
Uses: Hypercholesterolemia
SE: GI upset, coronary events

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5
Q

Niacin

A

Class: Vitamin, antihyperlipidemic
MOA: Decrease catabolism of apoA1, decreases VLDL
Uses: Hypercholesterolemia
SE: Flushing, pruritus, rash

Aspirin pre treatment reduces flushing

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6
Q

Gemfibrozil

A

Class: Fibric acid derivative/Fibrates
MOA: Activates PPAR-alpha, lowers triglycerides
Uses: DOC for hypertriglyceridemia
SE: Nausea, rashes, leukopenia

Higher risk of gallstones if given together with resins

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7
Q

Diphenhydramine

A

Class: H1 receptor antagonist
MOA: Competitive pharmacologic block of peripheral and CNS H1 receptor plus alpha and muscarinic receptor
Uses: Hay fever, angioedema, motion sickness, insomnia
SE: Drowsiness, Blurred vision, dry mouth

Cyclizine, Meclizine, Carbinoxamine, Celmastine, Tripelennamine, Hydroxyzine

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8
Q

Cetirizine

A

Class: H1 receptor antagonist
MOA: Competitive pharmacologic blocker of peripheral H1 receptor
Uses: Hay fever, angioedema, urticaria
SE: NOne

Loratadine, Fexofenadine, Terfenadine, Desloratadine

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9
Q

Cimetidine

A

Class; H2 receptor antagonist
MOA: Competitive pharmacologic blocker of H2 receptors
Uses: PUD, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, GERD, Prevention of nocturanl acid attacks
SE: CYP450 inhibitor, antiandorgen effects (Gynecomastia), decreased hepatic blood flow

Ranitidine, Nizatidine

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10
Q

Sumatriptan

A

Class: 5-HT1D receptor agonists
MOA: 5-HT1D agonist -> vasoconstriction
Uses: DOC: acute migraine, cluster headache
SE: Dizziness, chest pain, injection site reaction, parasthesia

Almotriptan, Naratriptan, Rizatriptan

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11
Q

Ondansetron

A

Class: 5-HT3 receptor antagonist
MOA: Pharmacologic antagonist
Uses: Chemotherapy and post-op vomiting
SE: Diarrhea, headache, QRS and QT prolongation

Granisetron, Dolasetron, Alosetron, Palonsteron

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12
Q

Ergotamine

A

Class: 5-HT2-receptor agonist
MOA: Partial agonist at alpha and 5-HT2 receptors, some have potent agonist effect at Dopamine receptor
Uses: Migraine, cluster headache
SE: GI upset, vasospasm, uterine spasm

Dihydroergotamine
Methysergide

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13
Q

Ergonovine

A

Class: 5-HT2-receptor partial agonist
MOA: Partial agonist at alpha and 5-HT2 receptors, some have potent agonist effect at Dopamine receptor
Uses: Postpartum bleeding, migraine
SE: GI upset, uterine spasm, abortion

Methylergonovine

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14
Q

Misoprostol

A

Class: PGE1 analog
MOA: Activates EP receptor, increase HCO3 and mucus secretion
Uses: PUD, Prevention of NSAID induced gasotrmucosal injury
SE: Abdominal pain, diarrhea, uterine cramping

Gemeprost

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15
Q

Alprostadil

A

Class: PGE1 analog
MOA: Activates EP receptors, causing vascular smooth muscle relaxation, vasodilation
Uses: Maintenance PDA, erectile dysfunction
SE: Apnea, hypotension, arrhythmia, light headedness

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16
Q

Dinoprostone

A

Class: PGE2 analog
MOA: High concentration - relax uterine and cervical smooth muscle, soften cervix
Uses: induction of labor, abortifacient
SE: Cramping, fetal trauma

Sulprostone

17
Q

Carboprost

A

Class: Prostaglandin F2 alpha analog
MOA: Activates FP receptors
Uses: Control postpartum hemorrhage, abortifacient
SE: Vomiting, diarrhea, transient bronchoconstriction

18
Q

Epoprostenol

A

Class: PGI2 analog
MOA: Activates IP receptors, causes vasodilation, reduces platelet aggregation
Uses: Pulmonary hypertension, reduces platelet aggregation in dialysis machine
SE: Hypotension, flushing, headache

Beraprost, Iloprost, Treprostinil

19
Q

Latanoprost

A

Class: Prostaglandin F2 alpha analog
MOA: Activates FP receptors, increase outflow of aqueous humor, reduces IOP
Uses: Glaucoma
SE: Alters iris color

Bimatoprost, Travoprost, Unoprostone

20
Q

Sildenafil

A

Class: Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor
MOA: Inhibidts PDE5 which degreades CGMP to inactive GMP -> vasodilation
Uses: Erectile dysfunciton, pulmonary arterial HPN, Raynaud’s phenomenon
SE: Headache, flushing, priapism, hearing loss, optic neuropathy

PLE 2018 (9 decks)

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