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Pathology Fast Review (self-reviewer) > Day 1 Patho Fast Review > Flashcards

Day 1 Patho Fast Review Flashcards

1
Q

Where do you find Homer-Wright Rosettes?

A

Neuroblastomas, Medulloblastomas, Primitive Neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs)

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2
Q

Where do you find Flexner-Wintersteiner Rosette?

A

Retinoblastoma

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3
Q

True ependymal rosette?

A

Ependymoma

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4
Q

Perivascular Pseudorosette?

A

Ependymoma (also in medulloblastoma, PNET, central neurocytomas and glioblastomas)

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5
Q

Triphasic combination of blastema, stromal and epithelial cell types?

A

Wilm’s Tumor

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6
Q

Cherry Red Color?

A

Skin- CO poisoining, Eyes- Tay-sach’s and Niemann-Pick; CRAO, Serratia Marcescens

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7
Q

Drug of choice for acute mgt of Lead poisoning?

A

EDTA and Dimercaprol

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8
Q

DOC for outpatient mgt of lead poisoning?

A

Succimer

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9
Q

Mercury-poisoning causing CP, deafness, blindness, MR?

A

Mercury Poisoning (due to Methylmercury)

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10
Q

Nitrosylation of Ryanodine Receptor Type 1 (RYR1)?

A

Malignant Hyperthermia

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11
Q

What anesthetic drugs implicated in Malignant Hyperthermia?

A

Halothane. Succinylcholine

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12
Q

DOC for Malignant Hyperthermia?

A

Dantrolene

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13
Q

AC producing what type of injury?

A

Tetanic contractions

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14
Q

DC producing what type of injury?

A

Single Shock

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15
Q

Def. causing craniotabes, rachitic rosary, pectus carinatum, genu varum?

A

Rickets

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16
Q

Inadequately mineralized bone?

A

Vit. D deficiency

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17
Q

Deficiency causing Acrodermatitis enterohepathica?

A

Zinc

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18
Q

Def. causing Keshan Disease?

A

Selenium

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19
Q

Cephalosphorins are not effective in:

A

MRSA, Listeria monocytogenes, Enterococci

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20
Q

Slender beade G + organisms in branching filaments? Stain?

A

Nocardia asteroides, Fite-Faraco

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21
Q

Haze of bacilli entangled with the cilia of bronchial epithelia?

A

Bordetella Pertussis

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22
Q

Fleur-de-lis patterns, which are striking pale necrotic centers and red hemorrhagic peripheral areas?

A

NEC caused by Pseudomonas Aeuruginosa

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23
Q

Painful genital ulcer?

A

Haemophilus ducreyi (chancroid or soft chancre)

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24
Q

Beefy red ulcer with velvety surface and pseudobuboes

A

Klebsiella granulomatosis

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25
Q

Amount of tissue necrosis is disproportionate tp number of neutrophils and bacteria?

A

Clostridium perfringens

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26
Q

Nonseptaem irregularly wide fungal hphae with frequent RIGHT-ANGLE branching.

A

Mucormycosis

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27
Q

Systemic Mycoses: Spherules in endospores

A

Coccidiodes immitis

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28
Q

Intracellular yeasts

A

Histoplasma capsulatum

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29
Q

Board-based bud?

A

Blastomyces dermatitides

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30
Q

Mariner’s wheel?

A

Paracocciodes brasiliensis

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31
Q

Durk granulomas?

A

Cerebral malaria

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32
Q

Dots in P. vivax?

A

Schuffner’s dots

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33
Q

Dots in P. ovale?

A

Schuffner’s dots

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34
Q

Dots in P. malariae

A

Zieman’s dots

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35
Q

Dots in P. falciparum?

A

Maurer dots

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36
Q

Maltese cross pattern?

A

Babesia microti

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37
Q

Mott cells, plasma cells containing cytoplasmic globules filled with Igs?

A

Demyelinating Panencephalitis in African Sleeping Sicknes

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38
Q

Sign of Chagas disease associated with unilateral Periorbital edema

A

Romana’s sign

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39
Q

Complications of chagas?

A

Myocarditis, mega-esophagus, megacolon

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40
Q

Tough subcutaneous fibrosis and epithelia hyperkeratosis?

A

Elephantiasis (in Fliariasis)

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41
Q

Dead microfilaries surrounded by stellate, hyaline, eosinophilic precipitaes embedded in small epitheliod granulomas?

A

Meyers-Kouvenar bodies (in Filariasis)

42
Q

River blindness, onchocermoma, lizard skin?

A

Onchocerca volvolus

43
Q

DOC for river blindness?

A

Ivermectin

44
Q

Complication during the initiating of treatment due lysis of onchocerval worms?

A

Mazotti reactions

45
Q

Reaction of Penicillin for Treponema pallidum?

A

Jarisch-Herxcheimer Rxn

46
Q

Failed involution of Vitelline duct?

A

Meckel’s Diverticulum

47
Q

Olive-sized abdomina mass, associated with turne’s syndrome and Trisomy 18(edwards)

A

Hypertrophic Pyloric stenosis

48
Q

Most common cause of chronic gastritis?

A

H. pylori infection

49
Q

Gastric CA: Metastases to supraclavicular sentinel lymph node on the Left

A

Virchow node

50
Q

Gastric CA: Metastasis to periumbilical region, forms subcutaneous nodule

A

Sister Mary Joseph Nodule

51
Q

Gastric CA: Metastasis to bilateral ovaries, composed of signet ring celss

A

Krukenberg tumor

52
Q

Gastric CA: Palpable nodules in the pelvic cul de sac

A

Blumer’s shelf

53
Q

Most common mesenchymal tumor of the abdomen?

A

GIST

54
Q

Related to the Carney Triad? Non-hereditary syndrome seen in young females, Triad: Gastric GIST, paraganglioma, and pulmonary Chondroma, diagnostic marker: c-Kit

A

GIST

55
Q

Diagnostic marker of GIST?

A

c-KIT

56
Q

Gluten-sensitive enteropathy?

A

Celiac disease

57
Q

Most common bacterial enteric pathogen?

A

Campylobcter enterocolitis

58
Q

Associated with Guillain-Barre Syndrome

A

Campylobcter Jejuni

59
Q

Causative agent for enteric fever/typhoid fever?

A

Salmonella typhi

60
Q

DOC in eradication of chronic carriage of Salmonella in GB due to Enterohepatic recycling?

A

Ampicillin

61
Q

Malabsorptive diarrhea due to impaire lymphatic transport, caused by Tropheryma whippelii?

A

Whipple’s Disease

62
Q

PAS-positive, diastase resistant granules = distended, foamy macrophages

A

Whipple’s Disease

63
Q

Paneth cell metaplasia, non-casseating granulomas, crypt abscesses?

A

Crohn’s Disease

64
Q

IBD, increased risk for devt of colon ca?

A

Ulcerative colitis

65
Q

Skip lesions, thick wall, transmural inflammation, deep ulcers, with Perianal Fistula, with fat and vitamin malabsorption?

A

Crohn’s Disease

66
Q

IBD with Diffues, thin wall, limited to mucosal inflammation, superficial ulcers with toxic megacolon?

A

Ulcerative colitis

67
Q

Multiple GI Hamartomatous polyps and mucucutaneos Hyperpigmentation

A

Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome

68
Q

Treatment for FAP before age 30

A

Prophylactic Colectomy

69
Q

FAP Disease Assoc: Intestinal Polyp and Osteomas of mandible, skull and long bones?

A

Gardnes Syndrome

70
Q

FAP Disease Assoc: Intestinal Adenomas and Tumors of the Central NS

A

Turcot Syndrome

71
Q

Most common malignancy of the GI Tract?

A

Colorectal Adenocarcinoma

72
Q

Also known as Lynch Syndrome?

A

Hereditary Non-polyposis Colorectal Cancer

73
Q

Most importan Prognostic factors for Colorectal AdenoCa?

A

Depth of invasion and Presence of Lymph node metastases

74
Q

Most common site of Mets of Colon Ca?

A

Liver

75
Q

Formation of Mercaptans by the action of intestinal bactreua on Methionine; musty or sweet and sour body odor

A

Fetur Hepaticus in Hepatic failure

76
Q

Manifestations of portosystemic shunting

A

Caput medusae, esophageal varices, hemorrhoids

77
Q

Impaired estrogen metabolims manifestations

A

Palmar erythema, spider angiomas, hypogonadism and gynecomastia

78
Q

Bridging fibrous septa, parenchymal nodule sna disruption of architecture of entire liver

A

Cirrhosis

79
Q

Mgt/Tx of extrahepatic and intrahepatic cholestasis?

A

Extrahepatic: Surgery; Intrahepatic Liver Transplant

80
Q

Family of Hepatitis Viruses

A

A: Picornaviridae, B: Hepadnaviridae, C: Flaviviridae, D: None, E: Caliciviridae

81
Q

Eosinophilic globules in Acute Hepatitis?

A

Councilman bodies

82
Q

Hepatocyt apoptosis, continued interface hepatitis, bridging necrosis, deposition of fibrous tissue?

A

Chronic Hepatitis

83
Q

Ballooning degeneration, apoptosis, bridging necrosis, prominent inflammation

A

Acute Hepatitis

84
Q

Capricious distribution, massive loss of liver mass, complete destrcution of hepatocytes in contigous lobules

A

Fulminant Hepatitis

85
Q

Neutrophilic infiltrate, liquefactive liver necrosis?

A

Pyogenic Liver Abscess

86
Q

Usually cause by Echinococcal and amebic infections; eosinophilic infiltrates, laminated cystic wall with hooklet in echinococcocis; anchovy paste-like material in amebiasis

A

Nonpyogenic Liver Abscess

87
Q

Positive for anti-smooth muscle antibodies? Interface hepatitis with prominent plasma celss? (Clusters of plasma cells in the interface of portal tracts and hepatic lobules?

A

Autoimmune hepatitis

88
Q

Eosinophilic cytoplasmic clumps in hepatocytes

A

Alcoholic hepatitis

89
Q

Failure to incorporate copper in Ceruloplasmin

A

Wilson’s Disease

90
Q

Eye-lesions in Wilson’s Disease described as hepatolenticular degenerative disease

A

Kayser-Fleischer rings

91
Q

PAS-positve, diastase; round to oval cytoplasmic globular inclusions in hepatocytes

A

Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency

92
Q

Outpouching of the mucosal sinues through the Gallbladder wall

A

Rokitansky-Aschoff Sinuses (in Chronic Chole)

93
Q

Porcelain GB, hydrops of GB, xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis

A

Chronic Cholecystitis

94
Q

Complete or partial obstruction of lume of extrahepatic biliary tree w/in 3 mos of life?

A

Biliary atresia

95
Q

Most common congenital anomaly of the pancreas?

A

Pancreas Divisum

96
Q

Most appropriate tx for acute pancreatitis?

A

Bowel Rest/NPO

97
Q

Inflammation of the pancrease with irreversible destruction of EXOCRINE parenchyma; long term alcohol abuse

A

Chronic Pancreatitis

98
Q

Tumor marker of Pancreatic CA?

A

CA 19-9

99
Q

Surgical Tx for Pancreatic CA?

A

Whipple Procedure (pancreaticoduodenectomy)

100
Q

Extrinsic Compression of Common Hepatic Duct, that can be mistake for Pancreatic CA?

A

Mirizzi Syndrome

101
Q

Clinical Sign by a painless gallbladde associated with Jaundice.

A

Courvoisier Gallbladder

Pathology Fast Review (self-reviewer) (4 decks)

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