Dawn - psych - quizlet definitions Flashcards

Question

Cultural Relativism

Answer 1

- Principle that individuals human beliefs and activities should be understood by others in terms of that individuals own culture

Answer 2

Includes all of the ideas, perspectives, attitudes, GET CARD

Answer 3

"- Methods of a group of people within society or culture use to learn and pass on new information - Generational trends - NOT PASSED BIOLOGICALLY - learned through experience and participation"

Answer 4

"- The spread of ideas, customs, and technologies from one group to another -"

Answer 5

"What is it? - Extent to which one identifies with a particular gender - Often shaped early in life through social interaction How is it developed? - Very fluid among young children, but believed to form between ages 3-6 - 3 distinct stages

Answer 6

"a social construct that exists along a continuum - Extremes being exclusive attraction to the opposite sex (heterosexual) or same sex (homosexual) - Dont really need"

Answer 7

"- Emigration is leaving a place | - Immigration is entering a place"

Answer 8

"- study of intersections between various systems of oppression or discrimination - Theory suggests that various sociological concepts (like race, class, sexual orientation) interact on multiple levels contributing to systematic injustice and social inequality"

Answer 9

"- Theory suggests that there exists a proportional increase in health and health outcome as socioeconomic status increases - Prestige, power, privilege - Suggests that it extends from top to bottom ranks of society (not simply poverty threshold that separates good from bad) - Context and level matter: poor people living in poor neighborhoods are likely to have poorer health than equally poor people living in more affluent places)"

Answer 10

"- Social structure engages in discriminatory practices against an individual or group - Companies hiring certain people"

Answer 11

- Group action that attempts to promote, resist, or undo a social change

Answer 12

"- Process of international integration arising from the exchange viewpoints, products, ideas and other aspects of culture around the world - Social media, internet"

Answer 13

"- Status in society based on level of education, income, and occupational - Social standing or class of an individual group - Privilege power, control"

Answer 14

"The physical separation of different groups into neighborhoods - Typically separated along race, ethnicity, SES - Ex: Chicago - most racially/ethnically segregated city"

Answer 15

"- Low SES and minorities tend to live in areas where environmental hazards and toxins are disproportionally high - Not safe areas or very safe (pollution, toxic waste dumps) - Richer people naturally in safer areas"

Answer 16

"- Social inequality is transmitted from one generation to the next - People who start in the bottom have a higher chance of being in the top, and people who start in the top stay in the top"

Answer 17

"- Movement of individuals or groups (up or down) from one position in a society's stratification system to another - May be intragenerational (within same gen) or intergenerational (between one or more generations) KNOW THIS SHIT - Vertical mobility - moving up or down in social stratification (inter) - farmer to doctor - Horizontal mobility - Change in occupation or role without a change in the social hierarchy (intra) - Changing jobs but about the same pay"

Answer 18

"- Karl Marx - Social condition in which members of subordinate social class are actively aware of themselves as a group who is being exploited (form unions) - False consciousness - lack of such awareness - occurs when members of subordinate class see themselves as individuals instead of an exploited group"

Answer 19

- Occurs when people from the same social groups tends to interact with each other and have minimal contact with indvidiuals from other social groups

Answer 20

complete or near lack of contact with others in society

Answer 21

"the perception or reality that one is cared for and is a member of a supportive social network - Support can be emotional, tangible, information or companionable Two models of social support: 1. Buffering hypothesis - social support serves as a protective layer creating psychological distance between person and stressful event 2. Direct effect hypothesis - social support provides better health and wellness benefits - Healthier people are better able to manage stress"

Answer 22

"- People actively shape their reality through social interactions - Constructed not inherent - Knowledge is not real, only exists because we give them reality through social agreement"

Answer 23

"- a micro-level theory in which shared meanings, orientations, and assumptions form the basic motivations behind people's actions - Subjective meaning people believe to be true - MEAD - Blumer continued meads work"

Answer 24

"- Macroperspective - Looks beyond male-based perspectives to focus on gender inequalities - Women face discrimination, objectification, oppression, stereotyping"

Answer 25

"- people always take rational actions, weighing costs and benefits of each action to gain most benefit. - 3 assumptions: completeness, transitivity, and independence of irrelevant alternatives."

Answer 26

"- application of RCT to social interaction - Family, work, interpersonal relationships - People behave with goal of maximizing own rewards while minimizing punishments, and people can make rational choices in social norm, and self-interest and interdependence guide interactions, and from relationships from cost-benefit analysis."

Answer 27

"1. Culture = rules that guide way people live - Guidelines for living - what makes society run 2. Society = structure that provides organization for people (includes institutions) - Family, education, politics, basic human needs"

Answer 28

the tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable

Answer 29

attempts by society to regulate people's thoughts and behavior

Answer 30

a family structure in which both partners share power and authority equally