Database management

Question 1

what was the Criteria relating to data integrity

Answer 1

accuracy
correctness
currency
completeness
relevance

Question 2

Data corruption

Answer 2

errors in computer data that occur during writing, reading, storage, transmission, or processing, which introduce unintended changes to the original data

Question 3

Hard drive failure

Answer 3

failure of the hard drive that stores the data would result in complete loss of the data or data corruption

solution
RAID
BACKUP
AUDIT TRAILS

Question 4

Human error

Answer 4

data can be accidentally deleted or incorrectly updated

SOLUTIONS
MINIMIZE USER EDIT PRIVILEGES
AUDIT TRAIL
DATA VALIDATION

Question 5

Power outages

Answer 5

data being lost or completed due to power outages and the built-in processors of the computer not preparing a proper shutdown

SOLUTIONS
-UPS
REDUNDANT POWER SUPPLY

Question 6

Malware

Answer 6

viruses, worms, trojan horses and ransomware can all corrupt data

solutions
firewall
anti-malware
education

Question 7

SQL injection

Answer 7

running maliciously intended SQL queries to gain access to confidential data and even corrupt or destroy entire tables

solution
data validation
GUI
limit website access to the database to execute SQL statements
do not send database error messages to the client’s web browser

Question 8

NoSQL databases

Answer 8

unstructured, flexible and store data in what is called “documents”

Question 9

Document NoSQL database

Answer 9

file folders that collect related data of many different types. they consist of collections each containing many documents that are differently structured

Question 10

Data warehousing

Question 11

Big data

Answer 11

a massive volume of both structured and unstructured data that is so large that it is difficult to process using traditional database and software techniques

Question 12

Volume

Answer 12

the size of the data sets that needs to be analysed and processed

Question 13

Velocity

Answer 13

the speed at which the data is generated

Question 14

Variety

Answer 14

an individual unit that contains raw materials which do not carry any specific meaning

Question 15

Veracity

Answer 15

the quality of the data. it is the most important of the four Vs

Question 16

Knowledge Discovery in Databases

Answer 16

the overall process of discovering useful knowledge from a collection of data

Question 17

steps in the KDD process are

Answer 17

• data cleaning
• data integration
  -data selection
  data transformation
  -data mining
  -pattern evaluation
• knowledge presentation

Question 18

Data mining

Answer 18

a set of techniques for discovering hidden, valid and potentially useful patterns or trends in a data set

Question 19

data mining consists of 5 strategies

Answer 19

=extract,transform and load transaction data
= Store and manage data
=provide data access to business analysts
=analyze the data
=present the data in a useful format