Data Flashcards
What is qualitative data?
Information not in numerical form.
What is quantitative data?
Information in numerical form.
What are the types of quantitative data?
Nominal-> Categorical.
Ordinal-> Subjectively ranked.
Interval-> Scaled with set and known increments.
What does standard deviation show?
The variation in data.
What is a non-experimental technique? An example?
No IV or DV required.
Questionnaires.
What are self-report methods?
Two examples?
They rely on participants to truthfully report their own feelings/emotions.
Questionnaires, interviews.
What are the different types of questions?
Closed, open, likert scale, rating scale, identifying characteristics.
What is a closed question?
Question with options to choose an answer from.
What is an open question?
Question that requires elaboration on an answer.
What is a likert scale question?
Ordinal scale used to measure levels of agreement from 1-5 or 1-7.
What is a rating scale question?
The participant must assign values to categories.
What is an identifying characteristics question?
Participant must select the characteristics which apply to them.
What is a pilot study and what is it used for?
When a questionnaire or interview is carried out on a small group before the real sample.
To test questions for clarity and understanding.
What is thematic analysis?
A method for identifying, analysing, and reporting patterns/themes within qualitative data.
What are the different types of thematic analysis?
Deductive-> deciding on what themes to look for before seeing data.
Inductive-> seeing data and then identifying any themes present.
What are the stages of inductive analysis?
Familiarisation with data.
Generate initial codes and key terms.
Search for themes amongst codes.
Review themes (check if there is enough data).
Name and define themes.
Produce a final report.
Two advantages of thematic analysis?
No data collection required as secondary data used so less time consuming.
Reduces large amount of data into a more manageable chunk so easier to understand.
Two disadvantages of thematic analysis?
Takes skill and time so less likely to be repeated and less reliable.
Subjective so less valid.
What is a correlational study?
Using secondary ordinal data to measure relationships between co-variables.
What is correlation coefficient?
A number between 1 and -1 describing correlation.
What are the three types of interviews?
Structured, semi-structured, unstructured.
What is a structured interview? A strength and a weakness?
All participants are asked the same questions.
Standardised.
Less information as no follow-up questions.
What is a semi-structured interview? A strength, a weakness?
The researcher is able to ask follow up questions based on the participants answer.
Gathers both types of data so thematic and statistical analysis.
Tome consuming so less reliable.
What is an unstructured interview? A strength, a waekness?
Only a general topic in mind with no set questions.
Freedom with questions so more information gained.
Not standardised as each participant has a different set of questions.
